来自印度全国代表性,基于人口的调查中的一般性焦虑障碍的当前患病率和决定因素
Pavithra Jayasankar1, Satish Suhas1, Lakshmi P Nirisha2
1Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian journal of psychiatry
|February 1, 2024
概括
通用焦虑症 (GAD) 影响0.57%的印度人.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 泛性焦虑障碍 (GAD) 是一种普遍存在的精神健康状况,通常研究不足.
- 了解GAD的流行病学对于有效的心理健康政策和干预至关重要.
- 需要对印度的GAD负担提供全国代表性的数据.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定印度GAD的患病率,社会和人口相关性,残疾和治疗差距.
- 通过2016年印度国家心理健康调查 (NMHS) 的数据分析GAD流行病学.
主要方法:
- 利用来自2016年全国代表性NMHS调查的数据.
- 采用了迷你国际神经精神病学面试 (M.I.N.I.) 6.0.0用于诊断.
- 使用希恩残疾量表来评估残疾,并使用Firth的惩罚后勤回归分析社会人口因素.
主要成果:
- 发现GAD的加权患病率为0.57%.
- 较高的GAD几率与城市地铁居住和结婚有关;男性性别和高等教育的几率较低.
- 常见的并发病包括抑郁症 (15.8%) 和 agoraphobia (9.4%).
- 很大一部分患有GAD的人报告了严重的残疾.
- 对GAD的整体治疗差距为75.7%.
结论:
- 2016年NMHS为印度的GAD提供了关键的流行病学见解.
- 调查结果强调了与GAD相关的重大负担和治疗差距.
- 数据可以为有针对性的干预和心理健康政策制定提供信息.
相关概念视频
01:30Generalized Anxiety Disorder
135
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
135
01:18Anxiety: Overview
273
Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.
273
01:27Panic Disorder
114
Panic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and sudden minutes-long episodes of intense fear, known as panic attacks. These attacks may feel like heart attacks and often happen without warning or a specific cause. They can include symptoms such as rapid heart rate, shortness of breath, chest pain, trembling, sweating, dizziness, and a sense of helplessness. During a panic attack, individuals may feel as though they are experiencing a heart attack or are in a...
114
01:28Social Anxiety Disorder
34
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
34
01:30Stress and Mental Health
157
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
157
01:28Anorexia Nervosa
70
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
70