在抗逆转录病毒疗法期间,不论免疫检查点表达如何, γδ T 细胞都会调解强大的抗艾滋病毒功能
Kirsty R Field1, Kathleen M Wragg1, Stephen J Kent1,2
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of Melbourne, at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC Australia.
Clinical & translational immunology
|February 1, 2024
概括
接受抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 的艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的马三角 (γδ) T细胞显示持续的免疫变化,但保留强大的抗艾滋病毒功能. 这项研究澄清了它们的状态和抗击艾滋病毒感染的潜力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 有效地抑制HIV病毒载量,但不能完全恢复艾滋病毒感染者 (PLWH) 的免疫功能.
- 马三角形 (γδ) T细胞是重要的免疫细胞,已知在未经治疗的HIV感染期间会受到损害,在ART治疗中恢复不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究ART治疗的PLWH中Vδ1和Vδ2T细胞的频率,表型和体外功能反应.
- 确定免疫检查点标记物对效应器功能的影响,并探索Vδ2 T细胞扩张和抗HIV活性的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在接受ART治疗的PLWH队列中分析Vδ1和Vδ2T细胞频率和表型.
- 在体外评估T细胞功能反应,免疫检查点标记物表达和扩张潜力.
- 评估效应机制,包括检测和杀死感染艾滋病毒的细胞.
主要成果:
- Vδ1 T细胞表现出成熟的NK细胞类表型,具有免疫检查点标记物 (2B4,CD160,TIGIT,Tim-3) 的高度表达,并保留了CD16介导的激活.
- 不管免疫检查点如何,Vδ2 T细胞对基抗原的降粒反应都受到损害,但扩展的Vδ2 T细胞表现出强大的NKG2D介导的抗HIV功能.
- 尽管存在表型差异,但在ART治疗的PLWH中,Vδ1和Vδ2T细胞子集都保留了对HIV的显著效应能力.
结论:
- 即使使用有效的ART,PLWH的γδ T细胞区中仍然存在显著的干扰.
- 无论是Vδ1和Vδ2的T细胞子集都保持了强大的抗艾滋病毒效应器功能的能力,这表明它们在免疫控制中仍然很重要.
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