通过现场学校教育和疫苗接种计划增加疫苗接种:全市集群随机对照试验
Norma Bethke1, Julie L O'Sullivan2,3, Jan Keller4
1Medical Directorate, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
Applied psychology. Health and well-being
|February 1, 2024
概括
一个以学校为基础的教育疫苗接种计划改善了青少年对疹,白喉,百日咳和脊髓灰质炎 (Tdap-IPV) 疫苗的接种. 这种干预措施与现场疫苗接种相结合,有望提高免疫率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 全球对,麻疹和红疹 (MMR) 和结节炎,腹,百日咳和脊髓灰质炎 (Tdap-IPV) 的疫苗接种目标没有实现.
- 低疫苗接种率需要有效的干预措施,特别是在多样化的学生群体中.
- 基于学校的计划为改善青少年免疫覆盖率提供了一个潜在的平台.
研究的目的:
- 评估以学校为基础的教育接种疫苗干预措施与现场接种疫苗的有效性.
- 为了比较教育干预加上现场疫苗接种与现场疫苗接种对MMR和Tdap-IPV率的影响.
- 评估德国柏林社会人口统计学上不同的中学生接种疫苗的情况.
主要方法:
- 一个1:1双臂集群随机对照试验,涉及25所中学.
- 学校被随机分配到一个具有教育单位和现场接种疫苗的教育类条件 (ECC) 或仅在现场接种疫苗的低强度信息条件 (LIIC).
- 测量的主要结果是6512名参与学生中的MMR和Tdap-IPV疫苗接种率.
主要成果:
- 对于提供疫苗接种文件的学生来说,ECC组与LIIC组相比,MMR和Tdap-IPV的发病率显著更高.
- 经过调整后的分析显示,组间存在显著差异,有利于MMR (RR=1.59) 和Tdap-IPV (RR=1.32) 的ECC.
- 在对社会经济和移民背景进行调整后,MMR差异变得不显著,但Tdap-IPV差异仍然显著.
结论:
- 与现场疫苗接种计划一起实施的教育,学校干预措施是提高青少年接种疫苗的有希望的策略.
- 教育干预显著改善了Tdap-IPV疫苗的接种率,即使考虑到社会经济因素.
- 学校疫苗接种计划中的有针对性的教育组成部分可能对改善特定青少年疫苗的覆盖率至关重要.
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