在土壤真菌Trichoderma harzianum中使用气态碳酸硫化物的硫同化
Ryuka Iizuka1, Shohei Hattori2, Yusuke Kosaka1
1Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
Applied and environmental microbiology
|February 1, 2024
概括
现在,真菌可以使用气态碳硫化物 (COS) 作为其唯一的硫源生长,这一发现是由COS酶 (COSase) 使得可能的. 这种新的硫同化途径比传统方法更节能,这表明真菌适应广泛.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和生物化学
- 菌类生理学和新陈代谢
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
背景情况:
- 通常会同化可溶的无机和有机硫化合物.
- 气体硫化合物尚未被认为是真菌直接的硫源.
- 碳硫化物 (COS) 是大气中最为丰富的气体硫化合物.
研究的目的:
- 研究真菌利用气态碳硫化物 (COS) 作为硫源的潜力.
- 为了确定关键的酶和代谢途径,涉及到由真菌COS同化.
- 确定真菌中COS同化能力的进化起源和分布.
主要方法:
- 种植状真菌*Trichoderma harzianum*菌株THIF08,COS作为唯一的硫来源.
- 使用标有S的COS来追踪硫的融入到真菌代谢物中.
- 在大肠杆菌中COS酶 (COSase) 基因的异质表达,以确认酶的功能.
- 在真菌种群中对COSase基因的基因分析.
主要成果:
- *Trichoderma harzianum*菌株THIF08使用COS作为唯一的硫源显示出增长.
- 来自COS的硫通过COSase被纳入细胞内代谢物,包括谷氨酸和欧戈氨酸.
- 发现COS同化在能源上比硫酸盐同化更有效.
- 科萨酶基因广泛分布在阿斯科米科塔,巴西迪奥米科塔和木科罗米科塔,估计在790-670万年前获得.
结论:
- 可以直接将气态碳硫化物 (COS) 作为硫源进行同化.
- COS酶 (COSase) 是一种关键的酶,负责真菌中COS的同化.
- 这条路径代表了真菌,特别是陆地生物的显著和进化古老的适应.
相关概念视频
The Sulfur Cycle
44.2K
Sulfur, an important element in the chemical makeup of proteins, is recycled through the atmosphere and aquatic and terrestrial environments. Found in the atmosphere as sulfur dioxide (SO2), sulfur is released by decaying organisms, weathered rocks, geothermal vents, volcanos, and burning fossil fuels. It is deposited into the ecosystem, cycled through the biotic community, and either released back into the atmosphere as gas or deposited in marine sediment for long-term storage and eventual...
44.2K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides
4.8K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
4.8K
The Calvin Benson Cycle
4.5K
Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
4.5K
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols
6.2K
Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
6.2K
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
35.4K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
35.4K
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene
6.1K
Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.
6.1K


