卵巢癌的风险因素根据BRCA状态:一个合作的仅案例分析
Kate Gersekowski1, Renhua Na1,2, Kathryn Alsop3,4
1Population Health Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
概括
患有BRCA1/BRCA2突变的女性在卵巢癌风险中与生殖和激素因素的关联较弱. 像吸烟这样的生活方式因素对携带者和非携带者都有类似的风险.
科学领域:
- 遗传学和基因组学 遗传学和基因组学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 具有遗传BRCA1或BRCA2病原体变异的女性面临明显更高的卵巢癌风险.
- 行为因素对BRCA突变载体卵巢癌风险的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较生殖,荷尔蒙和生活方式因素与BRCA突变携带者和非携带者之间的卵巢癌风险的关联.
主要方法:
- 采用单个案例研究设计,汇集了来自卵巢癌协会联盟的五项研究的数据.
- 包括637个BRCA载体和4289个非载体.
- 用对共变量调整的通用线性混合模型来估计相互作用风险比率 (IRR) 和95%置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 诸如怀孕和口服避孕药的使用等保护性因素在BRCA载体中显示出减少的保护作用 (IRR>1.0).
- 诸如子宫内膜异位症和更年期激素治疗等危险因素在BRCA载体中具有较弱的积极关联 (IRR <1.0).
- 与生活方式因素 (吸烟,体力活动,BMI,阿司匹林使用) 的关联与BRCA状态没有差异.
结论:
- 荷尔蒙和生殖因素与患有病原性BRCA变异的个体与非携带者相比,通常与卵巢癌风险的关联较弱.
- 可修改的生活方式因素在BRCA携带者和非携带者之间都显示出与卵巢癌风险的类似关联.
- 关于健康体重,体力活动和戒烟的建议有利于所有女性,包括BRCA携带者.
更多相关视频
08:53Identifying the Effects of BRCA1 Mutations on Homologous Recombination using Cells that Express Endogenous Wild-type BRCA1
Published on: February 17, 2011
14.7K
08:15gDNA Enrichment by a Transposase-based Technology for NGS Analysis of the Whole Sequence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and 9 Genes Involved in DNA Damage Repair
Published on: October 6, 2014
12.3K
相关概念视频
02:59Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
02:07Oogenesis
63.7K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
63.7K
01:24Disorders of the Female Reproductive System
363
The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
363
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
8.9K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
8.9K
01:20The Retinoblastoma Gene
4.1K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
4.1K
01:12Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions
4.8K
Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
4.8K