人工智能增强的医疗保健:不是知情同意的新范式
M Pruski1,2
1School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. michal.pruski@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk.
Journal of bioethical inquiry
|February 1, 2024
概括
对医疗保健中人工智能 (AI) 的患者知情同意进行了辩论. 目前英国的法律充分涵盖了人工智能增强护理,优先考虑患者选择和监管,而不是复杂的同意.
科学领域:
- 医学伦理 医学伦理
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 数字健康法 数字健康法
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 在医疗保健中的日益普及,需要对患者同意进行伦理考虑.
- 英国国家卫生服务 (NHS) 面临着整合人工智能的挑战,同时维护患者权利.
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的道德准则强调需要非歧视性的AI增强护理,并质疑现有的同意先例.
研究的目的:
- 检查目前英国患者同意法律对人工智能增强医疗保健的充分性.
- 探索人工智能采用对患者选择和患者与临床医生的关系的影响.
- 提出最佳策略,以保护患者免受AI在医疗保健中的潜在危害.
主要方法:
- 分析英国有关患者同意的法律.
- 在医疗保健中AI的背景下,审查通用数据保护条例 (GDPR).
- 讨论世卫组织关于人工智能增强护理和患者同意的说法.
- 探索未来的医疗保健准入模式和伦理考虑.
主要成果:
- 英国现有的关于患者同意的法律标准被认为足以用于AI增强护理.
- 未来,患者获得非人工智能增强型医疗保健的机会可能会受到限制,从而反映出自动化过程.
- 重点仍然是患者的选择,并在患者-临床医生动态中保持真实性.
结论:
- 过于繁的患者同意程序不是人工智能集成的最佳解决方案.
- 对人工智能技术的有效评估和监管对于患者保护至关重要.
- 为了平衡创新与伦理患者护理,需要对同意和监督采取细微的方法.
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