肝脏葡萄糖作用:超出了葡萄糖调动的范围
Sarina Kajani1, Rhianna C Laker1, Ekaterina Ratkova2
1Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States.
Physiological reviews
|February 1, 2024
概括
葡萄糖不仅仅是一个催化激素. 新兴研究表明,它在脂肪酸氧化,脂质合成和氨基酸代谢中起着至关重要的作用,为代谢性疾病提供了新的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 代谢疾病 代谢疾病
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
背景情况:
- 长期以来,葡萄糖素被认为促进肝脏葡萄糖的产生,历史上被视为一种糖尿病致病剂.
- 传统上被认为是胰岛素的逆调节激素,葡萄糖在代谢调节中的多方面的作用越来越受到赞赏.
- 新的"omics"技术正在揭示葡萄糖的更广泛的影响,超出了葡萄糖平衡.
研究的目的:
- 探索肝细胞内葡萄糖信号传递的扩展功能.
- 挑战关于葡萄糖素仅仅作为一种催化激素的传统观点.
- 突出葡萄糖的潜力作为代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性疾病/代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝炎 (MASLD/MASH),肥胖和慢性病的治疗标.
主要方法:
- 审查当前的科学文献和新出现的证据关于葡萄糖信号传递.
- 对涉及葡萄糖素在不同代谢途径中的"omics"数据的分析.
- 检查葡萄糖在肝脂,氨基酸和体代谢中的作用.
主要成果:
- 葡萄糖增强脂肪酸氧化,减少内源性脂质合成,表明二分化的代谢作用.
- 葡萄糖素影响肝脏氨基酸和体代谢,以及线粒体功能.
- 葡萄糖受体激动性,与像葡萄糖类1 (GLP-1) 这样的隐形蛋白平衡,是一个有前途的治疗策略.
结论:
- 葡萄糖的功能超越葡萄糖调节,影响脂质,氨基酸和线粒体代谢.
- 传统认为葡萄糖素纯粹是催化剂的观点是不完整的;它在代谢平衡中起着复杂的调节作用.
- 了解这些更广泛的作用为治疗诸如MASLD/MASH.等代谢性疾病开辟了新的途径.
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