自由意志能力:一个独特的人类适应
1Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri.
The American psychologist
|February 1, 2024
概括
自由意志 (FW) 是人类进化的适应性决策能力,使未来的长期规划成为可能. 这种能力是一种基本的心理需求,受到个人目标和身份的影响.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 思想的哲学 思想的哲学
- 进化心理学 进化心理学
背景情况:
- 自由意志 (FW) 被概念化为成熟的人类头脑中演化的功能能力.
- 这种能力提供了显著的适应性好处,包括通过审议有效应对紧急情况.
- FW还允许面向未来的思维,使得长期目标的生成和选择成为可能.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种自由意志 (FW) 运作的创造过程模型,称为目标突破模型.
- 为了证明这个模型与神经科学发现关于创造力和选择的一致性.
- 探索在更广泛的人类适应视角内融入FW.
主要方法:
- 利用了自由意志 (FW) 的兼容主义哲学定义.
- 开发了目标突破模型来解释FW能力.
- 综合了来自神经科学,认知科学,人格,社会心理学和文化研究的发现.
主要成果:
- 目标突破模型与神经科学研究对创造性认知和决策的大脑网络的研究保持一致.
- 行使FW被确定为一种基本的心理需求;挫败自主性可能是有害的.
- FW过程是由个人目标和叙事身份塑造的,赋予有意识的因果影响权力.
结论:
- 自由意志 (FW) 是一种进化的,适应能力,对人类的功能至关重要.
- 目标突破模型为理解FW提供了一个神经科学上一致的框架.
- 基本心理需求 (FW) 是一种基本的心理需求,受个人身份和目标的影响,并且可能是一种独特的人类适应.
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