在年轻和年长的双语者中,视听语音对噪音的感知
Alexandre Chauvin1, Sophie Pellerin1, Anna-Francesca Boatswain-Jacques1
1Department of Psychology, Concordia University.
Psychology and aging
|February 1, 2024
概括
年长的双语者和年轻的双语者在噪音中感知到类似的语音,但年长的成年人从视觉线索中受益较少. 这两个群体都使用视听语音线索和语境,视觉线索对年轻成年人来说在他们的第二语言中至关重要.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 听力学 听力学是指听力学.
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 年龄和双语独立地损害了噪音中的语音感知.
- 较老的双语者面临着独特的挑战,将与年龄相关的感官衰退与L2处理需求相结合.
- 视听 (AV) 线索和背景对老双语者语音感知的影响还没有得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究与年龄相关的差异,对AV语音线索和句子上下文对双语者在噪音中的语音感知的好处.
- 为了比较L1和L2在噪音中的语音感知,对于年轻和年长的双语者.
- 确定AV线索和背景如何影响跨年龄组和语言的语音感知.
主要方法:
- 年轻和年长的法语-英语/英语-法语双语者在L1和L2.2中执行了噪音任务中的语音感知.
- 背景噪声被单独校准,以使所有参与者的基线表现相等.
- 通过比较条件来评估AV语音线索和句子上下文的好处.
主要成果:
- 在噪音表现的整体语音感知中没有发现显著的年龄差异.
- 较年长的成年人比年轻的成年人表现出较小的语言和模式效应 (听觉与AV).
- 两个年龄组都受益于AV线索和背景;然而,视觉线索对L2的年轻人更为关键,而老年人则在L1和L2中表现出类似的视觉线索益处.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的差异存在于双语者如何利用AV语音线索和语境在噪音中的语音感知.
- 研究结果将视听语音感知模型扩展到不同年龄和语言的双语者.
- 双语者,无论年龄如何,都从视觉语音线索和语境中受益,尽管大小可能会有所不同.
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