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青少年足球运动员中大脑皮层表面结构和神经激活模式

Taylor R Zuidema^1,2, Jiancheng Hou^1,3, Kyle A Kercher¹

¹Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington.

JAMA network open

|February 1, 2024

概括

与非接触运动员相比,青少年足球运动员表现出明显的脑部差异,包括皮质稀薄和脑部活动的改变. 大脑结构和功能的这些变化可能会影响心理健康.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
运动医学运动医学
青少年健康青少年健康

背景情况:

美国足球中反复出现的头部冲击引发了对青少年球员神经生物学影响的担忧.
现有的研究还没有完全阐明与此年龄段的足球参与相关的特定大脑变化.

研究的目的:

调查青少年足球运动员和对照运动员之间皮质结构和神经生理学特征的差异.
识别与球足球比赛相关的潜在神经生物学标记.

主要方法:

一项队列研究,将青少年足球运动员与年龄,性别和学校相匹配的对照运动员 (游泳,越野,网球) 进行比较.
使用结构磁共振成像 (MRI) 检测皮层厚度,层深度和旋转.
使用静止状态功能性MRI (RS-FMRI) 来分析低频波动的幅度 (ALFF),区域同质性 (ReHo) 和RS功能连接性 (RS-FC).

主要成果:

足球运动员表现出前额头骨区域的显著皮质稀薄,以及像带状皮质和前中心状圈这样的区域的状深度增加.
观察到大脑活动发生变化,前额和带皮带区域的ALFF较低,尾区域的ALFF较高.
足球运动员在中枢大脑区域呈现较低的ReHo,在头部区域呈现较高的ReHo;RS-FC没有发现差异.

结论:

与非接触体育运动员相比,青少年足球运动员表现出可测量的结构和神经生理学大脑差异.
在足球运动员中发现的大脑变化涉及经常与心理健康和认知功能相关的区域.
这些发现凸显了青春期足球的潜在神经生物学后果.

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