不平等的疫苗接种覆盖率和移民对长期病原体进化的影响
Alicia Walter1, Sylvain Gandon1, Sébastien Lion1
1CEFE, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France.
Journal of evolutionary biology
|February 1, 2024
概括
全球疫苗差异影响疾病传播. 疫苗接种范围的空间变化会影响病原体的进化,降低毒性疫苗可能会在异质人群中选择更毒的病毒株.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 数学建模的数学建模
背景情况:
- 全球疫苗不平等可能会影响传染病的传播和分布.
- 疫苗接种覆盖范围的空间变化对长期病原体演变的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 分析不同不完美的疫苗如何影响病原体毒性演变,在两种不同疫苗覆盖范围的两种种群体模型中.
- 研究由病原体迁移和疫苗接种率差异驱动的空间异质性对病原体进化的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用分析模型和数值模拟.
- 研究了四种类型的不完美的疫苗,它们对病原体生命周期有着不同的作用模式.
- 在两个通过迁移连接的宿主群体中建模了病原体动态.
主要成果:
- 降低感染风险或传播能力的疫苗对病原体流行,宿主死亡率和毒性演变的影响很小,无论空间异质性如何.
- 降低病原体毒性的疫苗,特别是在异质的转基因人群中,可以选择增加毒性并促进病原体菌株的共存.
- 空间异质性的程度,受病原体迁移和疫苗接种率差异的影响,是这些进化结果的关键驱动因素.
- 仅针对病毒性的疫苗主要选择单个病原体战略,而减少传播和病毒性的疫苗可以有利于两种基因型的共存.
结论:
- 空间异质性显著影响病原体进化,特别是当疫苗向毒性时.
- 与只针对病毒性的疫苗相比,减少传播和病毒性的疫苗策略可能会导致更大的病原体多样性.
- 在面对全球疫苗接种差异的情况下,了解这些动态对于预测和管理传染病演变至关重要.
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