通过一个孩子的眼睛和耳朵获得基础语言
Wai Keen Vong1, Wentao Wang1, A Emin Orhan1
1Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|February 1, 2024
概括
儿童通过通用神经网络从感官输入中学习单词含义. 这项研究表明,关联式学习和联合表达如何使婴儿能够早期获得和概括词汇.
科学领域:
- 认知科学
- 发展心理学
- 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 婴儿从6-9个月开始通过与视觉参考来学习口语.
- 这种学习在多大程度上依赖于一般机制与特定的诱导偏见是有争议的.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用通用学习机制,从感官输入中可以学习多少词语含义.
- 模拟幼儿时代的词汇对应的获取情况.
主要方法:
- 从一个孩子 (6-25个月) 的纵向头部摄像机记录 (61小时) 训练了一个神经网络.
- 使用相关的视觉语言数据流来学习基于特征的表示和交叉模式的关联.
主要成果:
- 模型成功地从孩子的日常经历中获得了大量的词汇引用映射.
- 展示了对新视觉参考的零射击概括.
- 显示模型的视觉和语言概念系统之间的对齐.
结论:
- 通过共同表达和关联式学习,可以学习有基础的词语含义的关键方面.
- 一般的学习机制足以在早期发展中获得基本的词汇参考知识.
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