在西班牙语-英语双语儿童中,语义和语法处理的神经特异性
Neelima Wagley1, Xiaosu Hu2, Teresa Satterfield3
1Arizona State University, Speech and Hearing Science, 976 S Forest Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
Brain and language
|February 1, 2024
概括
年幼的双语儿童显示出专门用于语法和含义的大脑区域. 在两种语言中更高的熟练程度可以加强这些神经通路,这表明语言发展中具有积极的跨语言相互作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 左边的皮里西尔维亚路径的神经专业化支持单语者语言处理.
- 关于年轻双语者对语言的神经专业化的研究有限.
研究的目的:
- 在早期的西班牙语-英语双语儿童中调查语法和语义的神经专业化.
- 探索双语语言能力与神经激活模式之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于测量大脑活动.
- 一个听觉句子判断任务评估了英语的形态语法和语义.
- 参与者是65名早暴露的7-11岁的西班牙语-英语儿童.
主要成果:
- 形态合成任务激活了左下额头 (IFG).
- 语义任务激活了左后中间状回路 (MTG).
- 在左上旋 (STG) 观察到的专业化用于形态表达和左MTG/角旋用于语义.
结论:
- 双语语言技能与特定大脑区域的语法 (左IFG) 和语义 (左MTG) 的参与有关.
- 两种语言的高水平与更强的参与有关,支持积极的跨语言交互模式.
相关概念视频
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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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01:22Language Development
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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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01:28Lateralization
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01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
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01:21The Nativist Approach
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