一项针对中国结核病患者的饮食成分和相关因素的社区横截面研究
Yan Zheng1, Hui Chen2, Canyou Zhang2
1Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China.
Scientific reports
|February 1, 2024
概括
中国贫困县的结核病患者表现出不良的饮食习惯,缺乏必要的食物和营养素. 年龄,种族和饮食频率等因素与这些缺陷有关,需要针对性的营养干预措施.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 严重影响营养状况,特别是在贫困地区.
- 饮食模式对于结核病患者的康复和整体健康结果至关重要.
- 了解结核病患者的饮食缺陷对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估中国贫困地区的结核病患者的饮食结构并确定相关因素.
- 为了比较结核病患者的饮食摄入量与中国已建立的饮食参考标准.
- 探索导致结核病患者营养摄入不足的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及来自中国两个贫困县的300名结核病患者的横截面研究.
- 使用食物频率问卷和24小时饮食回忆来评估饮食摄入量.
- 二元物流回归分析,以确定与营养缺乏相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 与中国饮食参考摄入量 (DRI) 相比,结核病患者的蔬菜,水果,动物食品,乳制品,大豆和坚果摄入量显著降低.
- 在男性和女性结核病患者中观察到高比例的动物性食物,蛋白质和脂肪摄入不足.
- 年龄较小 (18-49岁),汉族,体力活动较低,不经常进食与营养缺乏的风险增加有关.
结论:
- 中国贫困社区的结核病患者普遍饮食不足,蛋白质和脂肪的能量供应不足.
- 社会人口和行为因素显著影响结核病患者的营养摄入量.
- 实施营养查,个性化支持,健康教育和加强的营养干预措施对于改善结核病患者的治疗结果至关重要.
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