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治疗期间动机偏差的变化预测了神经性厌食症的结果
Sophie R Abber1, Susan M Murray2, Carina S Brown2,3
1Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
The International journal of eating disorders
|February 2, 2024
概括
与健康对照人群相比,患有神经性厌食症 (AN) 的人对惩罚敏感度的偏见更大. 治疗期间这种动机偏差的变化与饮食障碍症状的改善有关,特别是通过减少惩罚敏感性.
科学领域:
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 饮食障碍 研究 研究 研究
背景情况:
- 在神经性厌食症 (AN) 中,奖励和惩罚的敏感性发生了变化,影响了动机行为.
- 以前的研究经常孤立地研究奖励和惩罚的敏感性,忽视了它们的相互作用.
- 了解动机偏见对于理解AN病理生理学和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较奖励和惩罚敏感度 (动机偏差) 的平衡,AN与健康对照 (HCs) 相比.
- 调查动机偏见和AN症状之间的关联.
- 检查AN的动机偏见和治疗结果之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 患有AN (n=262) 和HC (n=90) 的青少年和成年人完成了评估对惩罚和奖励 (SPSRQ) 和行为抑制/激活 (BIS/BAS) 敏感性的验证问卷.
- 使用饮食障碍检查问卷 (EDE-Q) 测量了饮食障碍的精神病理学.
- 动机偏差得分被计算出来,以量化奖励与惩罚敏感性的相对平衡.
主要成果:
- 与HC相比,患有AN的人对惩罚敏感度的偏见明显更大.
- 在AN中,惩罚敏感性偏差与入院时更高的EDE-Q分数相关.
- 治疗引起的动机偏差变化预测出院时的较低饮食病理,主要是由惩罚敏感度下降所驱动的.
结论:
- 动机偏差是AN治疗的一个重要因素,治疗期间的变化与症状改善相关.
- 观察到的治疗效应似乎主要归因于惩罚灵敏度的修改,而不是奖励灵敏度.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以阐明在AN治疗期间惩罚敏感性下降的机制.
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