慢性疾病的负担 慢性疾病的负担
1National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.
慢性疾病是一个日益严重的全球健康危机,耗资数万亿美元,并由生活方式因素驱动. 增加对预防的投资对于打击不断上升的发病率和死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 糖尿病,心脏病,中风和癌症等慢性疾病是全球死亡的主要原因.
- 从传染性疾病向非传染性疾病的历史转变发生在20世纪初,由于寿命更长,患病率增加.
- 预计到2030年,慢性疾病的全球成本将达到47万亿美元,这突显了严重的经济负担.
研究的目的:
- 为了强调全球慢性疾病负担的不断升级.
- 强调生活方式和社区因素在慢性疾病发展和管理中的作用.
- 倡导增加对预防策略的投资.
主要方法:
- 审查历史公共卫生趋势和疾病转型.
- 对慢性疾病成本的经济预测分析.
- 确定可预防的慢性疾病的关键可修改的风险因素.
主要成果:
- 慢性疾病是全球疾病和死亡的主要和不断增长的原因.
- 可预防的危险因素包括身体不活动,营养不良,吸烟和过度饮酒.
- 目前对预防的投资远远落后于治疗.
结论:
- 解决慢性疾病流行病需要技术和制药方面的创新.
- 为了减轻未来的健康和经济影响,预防方面的投资必须大幅增加.
- 未来的公共卫生战略必须整合生活方式干预措施,并解决健康的社会决定因素.
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