转移后草原较少分散:对恢复和人口连接性的影响
Liam A Berigan1, Carly S H Aulicky1,2, Elisabeth C Teige1
1Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Division of Biology Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA.
Ecology and evolution
|February 2, 2024
概括
较小的草原的迁移显示出高的分散率,鸟类避开道路,偏爱草原. 战略性息地布置是区域人口增加和物种持续存在的关键.
科学领域:
- 野生动物保护 野生动物保护
- 鸟类生态学 鸟类生态学
- 景观生态学 景观生态学
背景情况:
- 保护转移旨在加强种群,但可能受到释放后广泛分散的阻碍.
- 分散可以导致死亡率或Allee效应,但它提供了对动物在新奇景观上的运动的见解.
研究的目的:
- 评估释放区域对转移小草原 (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) 的分散频率的影响.
- 分析小草原如何在草原景观中导航,特别是它们在分散过程中避免人为特征.
主要方法:
- 411只较小的草原从堪萨斯州转移到科罗拉多州和堪萨斯州 (2016-2019).
- 卫星GPS发射器追踪了115只鸟类,以监测释放后的分散运动.
- 分析了与释放地点和景观特征相关的分散模式,包括道路和保护保护区计划 (CRP) 草原.
主要成果:
- 几乎所有幸存的鸟类 (96%) 在迁移后分散,释放区域的变化很小.
- 男性的平均分散距离为103公里,女性的平均距离为175公里,其中69%的分布距离释放地点超过5公里.
- 鸟类通常每天飞行一次 (3.75公里),避开道路并选择CRP草原,这表明"脚石"的运动策略.
结论:
- 转移是一种可行的策略,用于区域,而不是特定地点,较小的草原的种群增加.
- 通过战略性息地布置 (草地距离<5公里) 来优化景观连接对于物种的持续存在至关重要.
- 保护工作应集中在息地管理和CRP草原的战略布置上,以支持较小草原的成功恢复.
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