由fNIRS揭示的自闭症儿童在亚脑层处理语音的异常大脑侧面化
Baojun Lai1,2,3, Aiwen Yi4, Fen Zhang5
1Center for Autism Research, School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.
Scientific reports
|February 2, 2024
概括
自闭症儿童表现出异常的大脑侧向化对于语言. 与同龄人不同,在处理语音时,他们缺乏典型的左半球专业化,特别是在语言相关性降低的情况下.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 通常与语言处理中的非典型大脑侧面化有关.
- 导致自闭症儿童存在这些差异的特定语言特征在很大程度上仍未被探索.
- 了解这些神经专业化对于早期诊断和干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究与神经类型同龄人相比,自闭症儿童语言处理的半球横向化.
- 为了确定语言刺激的哪些方面影响年轻自闭症个体的大脑侧面化模式.
- 探索自闭症中语言处理异常的神经相关性,在自闭症的亚神经水平.
主要方法:
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于测量血液动力学反应并评估大脑侧向化.
- 参与者包括20名自闭症儿童 (平均年龄5.8岁) 和20名非自闭症同龄人 (平均年龄6.5岁).
- 听觉刺激在语言相关性方面有所不同:自然的母语,混杂的母语,非母语和音乐.
主要成果:
- 两组人都表现出左叶横向化为自然主义的母语.
- 非自闭症儿童的左侧化逐渐减少,因为语言相关性下降.
- 自闭症儿童没有表现出这种模式,并没有表现出混乱的言语和右半球活动增加的横向化.
结论:
- 幼儿园和学龄的自闭症儿童对口语表现出不典型的神经专业化.
- 语言层次的非典型处理,特别是在亚脑层级,有助于改变自闭症中的大脑侧向化.
- 研究结果突出了自闭症大脑如何处理听觉语言信息的差异,影响了语言的发展.
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