相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 4, 2025

08:58
Optimized Analysis of In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatic Steatosis
Published on: March 11, 2017
16.0K
脂肪性肝脏中的肝脏葡萄糖代谢
Egeria Scoditti1, Silvia Sabatini2, Fabrizia Carli2
1Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Lecce, Italy.
Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology
|February 2, 2024
概括
与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 破坏了肝脏的葡萄糖调节,增加了葡萄糖的产生以及脂肪的积累. 了解这些变化可能有助于开发针对MASLD及其相关疾病的向治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
- 代谢性疾病是代谢性疾病.
- 葡萄糖的恒常性是葡萄糖的恒常性.
背景情况:
- 肝脏对于葡萄糖平衡至关重要,它调节内源性葡萄糖的产生和糖原的储存.
- 肝脏代谢功能在脂肪性肝病 (SLD) 中受损,包括与代谢功能障碍相关的SLD (MASLD) 和与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪肝炎 (MASH).
- MASLD和MASH与代谢并发症和失调的葡萄糖调节激素有关.
研究的目的:
- 在MASLD和MASH中审查肝脏葡萄糖代谢的失调.
- 探索先进技术如何揭示MASLD中改变葡萄糖代谢的机制.
- 根据对这些代谢变化的理解,讨论针对性治疗的潜力.
主要方法:
- 对MASLD和MASH中肝脏葡萄糖代谢的当前文献的综述.
- 对评估肝脏葡萄糖流量的体内技术的分析.
- 检查脂肪积累,葡萄糖生产和激素调节之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- MASLD和MASH与肝脏葡萄糖产量增加和改变葡萄糖调节激素作用有关.
- 肝脏中的脂肪积累加剧了葡萄糖代谢失调.
- 抗高血糖药物对肝脏葡萄糖代谢和脂肪酸有潜在的益处.
结论:
- 失调的肝脏葡萄糖代谢是MASLD和MASH的一个关键特征.
- 了解这些机制对于识别有风险的个体和开发有针对性的治疗至关重要.
- 对MASLD对葡萄糖代谢和激素的影响的进一步研究可能会导致新的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose
1.6K
Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
1.6K
Liver Physiology
554
The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of 70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of 70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
554
Overview of Carbohydrate Metabolism
1.0K
Carbohydrate metabolism is a fundamental biochemical process that ensures a constant supply of energy to living cells. The most important carbohydrate is glucose, which can be broken down via glycolysis to enter into the Krebs cycle and eventually lead to the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
Glucose transport into cells is facilitated by a family of transport proteins called GLUT (Glucose Transporters). GLUT4 is the primary glucose transporter for insulin-stimulated glucose...
1.0K
Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
316
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
316
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
1.3K
The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Insulin and C-peptide are...
1.3K
Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.4K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.4K

