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HIV-1 Tat和吗啡的相互作用随着时间的推移动态地改变了条状单胺水平和探索性行为
Arianna R S Lark1, Sara R Nass1, Yun K Hahn2
1Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
Journal of neurochemistry
|February 3, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒-1 Tat 蛋白和吗啡会以不同的方式改变大脑化学和行为. 同时暴露对小鼠的神经递质和神经认知障碍 (HAND) 有影响,为艾滋病毒和阿片类药物使用的影响提供了洞察力.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 尽管结合抗逆转录病毒疗法 (cART),与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 在近一半接受治疗的个体中仍然存在.
- 阿片类药物使用障碍可能会加剧HAND,特别是影响基底腺,这些腺容易受到HIV-1和阿片类药物联合暴露的影响.
- 虽然已知艾滋病毒会破坏多巴胺基神经传递,但同时暴露于阿片类药物对条状神经递质和行为的影响仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查HIV-1 Tat蛋白和吗啡的同时暴露如何影响状体中的单胺水平和神经递质代谢物.
- 确定TAT和/或吗啡暴露对转基因小鼠运动,焦虑,寻求新奇,探索和社会行为的影响.
- 阐明与HIV-1感染和阿片类药物使用相关的行为变化的神经化学基础.
主要方法:
- 转基因小鼠被暴露在HIV-1 Tat蛋白和/或吗啡中2周和2个月.
- 测试的运动,焦虑类,寻求新奇,探索和社交行为.
- 在条形体中测量单胺 (多巴胺,上腺素) 和其代谢物 (DOPAC,HVA,5-HIAA) 的量化水平.
- 在中大脑中评估的氨酸氧化酶阳性神经元数量.
主要成果:
- 吗啡降低了多巴胺,但增加了北上腺素,DOPAC,HVA和5-HIAA,与增加的运动活动相关.
- 联合Tat和吗啡暴露改变了多巴胺,DOPAC和HVA度,具体取决于持续时间和特定的神经递质/代谢物.
- 塔特暴露选择性地增加了与新型同物种相互作用的延迟时间,而吗啡增加了对新型环境的探索;随着时间的推移,Tat和吗啡相互作用影响了运动运动活动.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒-1 Tat和吗啡对条状单胺神经化学和行为产生明显的互动作用.
- 这些发现为 HAND 的神经生物学机制提供了新的见解,以及 HIV 与阿片类药物共患病的行为后果.
- 这项研究强调了HIV-1 Tat和吗啡对运动功能的情境依赖的行为变化和时间依赖的相互作用.
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