对低收入和中等收入国家的物质使用和物质使用障碍的任务共享干预措施进行系统审查
Asma'u Abba Hassan1, Abba M Ibrahim2, Abhijit Nadkarni3
1Department of Psychiatry, Karu General Hospital, Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria.
Drug and alcohol dependence
|February 3, 2024
概括
非专业卫生工作者可以在低收入和中等收入国家有效地提供对物质使用障碍的干预,改善对护理的准入. 需要进一步的研究来确定更广泛的治疗成功的关键组成部分.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 心理健康 心理健康
背景情况:
- 药物使用障碍 (SUD) 在全球范围内带来了重大的健康和社会经济挑战.
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 获得专业护理的限制加剧了SUD治疗差距.
- 与非专业卫生工作者 (NSHW) 分享任务提供了一个可扩展的解决方案,以提高SUD治疗的可访问性.
研究的目的:
- 综合关于物质使用 (SU) 任务分享干预措施的有效性和LMIC中SUD结果的证据.
- 评估NSHW提供的干预措施对各种SU和SUD指标的影响.
主要方法:
- 通过使用多个电子数据库 (PsycINFO,MEDLINE,EMBASE,全球健康,CENTRAL) 进行了对研究的系统审查.
- 包括的研究的质量评估是使用Cochrane偏差风险 (RoB2) 和ROBINS-I工具进行的.
- 用叙事合成方法分析数据.
主要成果:
- 包括19项随机对照试验 (RCT) 和2项准实验性研究,其中大多数具有偏差风险较低.
- 由NSHW提供的干预措施对SU和SUD的结果产生了显著的积极影响.
- 关键的改善包括减少酒精和其他物质的使用,戒烟,减少阿片类药物的使用.
结论:
- 审查强调了NSHW在资源有限的LMIC中越来越多地用于SUD干预.
- 由NSHW主导的干预措施在解决SU和SUD患者治疗准入障碍方面显示出前景.
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以完善干预策略,并确定特定的活性成分,以改善治疗结果.
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