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玉米的表观遗传变异用于育种和特征改进的农学特征

Daolei Zhang¹, Yujun Gan², Liang Le²

¹Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, China.

Journal of genetics and genomics = Yi chuan xue bao

|February 4, 2024

概括

以表观遗传学为媒介的育种 (epibreeding) 通过操纵表观遗传变异来增强作物特征和产量. 本综述探讨了玉米的表观育种,提出了一种结合CRISPR/Cas表观基因组编辑和合成表观遗传学的策略,以提高作物生产率.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
遗传学遗传学是一个
分子生物学分子生物学

背景情况:

传统的育种可以减少遗传多样性.
表观遗传学提供了一种通过调节基因表达而不会改变DNA序列来改善作物的新方法.
表观遗传机制,如基因组修饰,DNA甲基化和非编码RNA,在作物特征中起着至关重要的作用.

研究的目的:

审查玉米主要农学特征背后的表观遗传机制.
为了确定玉米育种的候选表观遗传标志.
为提高玉米产量提出一种新的化策略.

主要方法:

关于玉米表观遗传调节的文献综述.
对影响农业特征的表观遗传机制的分析.
整合CRISPR/Cas表观基因组编辑和合成表观遗传学 (SynEpi) 概念.

主要成果:

影响玉米特征的关键表观遗传修饰 (基因组,DNA,RNA,非编码RNA,染色质重塑) 的总结.
识别潜在的表观遗传点,用于标记器辅助的选择和繁殖.
关于针对性特征工程的联合CRISPR/Cas和Synepi战略的建议.

结论:

杂种种植是一种有前途的作物改进途径,克服了传统方法的局限性.
针对性地操纵表观遗传特征,可以精确控制基因表达,从而提高玉米产量.
对表观遗传标志和先进的编辑工具的进一步研究对于实现表观育种的全部潜力至关重要.

关键词:

农业学特征农业学特征在生殖过程中,生长出种子.表观遗传变异的变化在表观基因组编辑.合成表观遗传学合成表观遗传学

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