用芽大麦或小麦取代传统缩剂:对奶牛的哺乳性能,营养消化能力和牛奶脂肪酸概况的影响
Yu Zang1, Andrew T Richards2, Nirosh Seneviratne2
1Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009 China.
Journal of dairy science
|February 4, 2024
概括
水耕栽培的芽大麦或小麦提高了高产奶牛的料效率和体重增加,为传统料缩剂提供了可持续的替代品. 建议进一步进行生命周期评估.
科学领域:
- 动物科学动物科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 可持续农业 可持续农业
背景情况:
- 有限的自然资源和气候变化对传统的动物料作物生产构成了挑战.
- 用水耕种种植的料,如发芽的谷物,为奶牛提供了潜在的替代料来源.
- 之前对发芽谷物的研究主要集中在低产的奶牛身上,这让我们无法了解它们对高产动物的影响.
研究的目的:
- 评估用水耕种种植的芽大麦或小麦取代传统缩剂对高产奶牛的牛奶产量,营养物质消化能力和牛奶脂肪酸概况的影响.
- 为了比较发芽大麦与发芽小麦在奶牛食中的料成分的有效性.
- 评估发芽的谷物对奶牛的料效率,体重和反的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个复制的3 × 3拉丁方形设计与24个多夫妇的荷尔斯坦奶牛在三个21天的实验期间被使用.
- 作为对照,奶牛被养为总混合粮食 (TMR),或在干物基础上补充10%的芽大麦或10%的芽小麦的TMR.
- 实验性饮食是异能和异的,发芽的谷物取代了粉碎的玉米,大豆粉,甘露粉和乳糖.
主要成果:
- 与对照饮食相比,芽大麦养提高了料效率 (牛奶产量/DMI和ECM/DMI).
- 与大麦或对照药物相比,芽小麦补充剂导致更高的体重增加和有机物,NDF,粉和原蛋白 (CP) 的明显改善的整体通道消化能力.
- 牛奶产量 (产量和成分) 和反并未受到发芽谷物补充的显著影响,尽管大麦的干物质摄入量 (DMI) 较低.
结论:
- 用水耕种种植的芽大麦或小麦取代传统缩剂可以提高高产乳牛的牛奶生产效率或体重增加.
- 发芽的谷物提供了一个有前途的可持续料替代品,具体好处取决于谷物类型 (大麦提高效率,小麦提高生长和消化能力).
- 需要进行全面的生命周期评估,以充分确定这种乳制品行业养战略的环境和经济可行性.
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