什么有助于基于证据的早期儿童干预的长期实施:德国的一项定性研究
Marie Lisanne Schepan1,2, Tanja Jungmann3, Sören Kliem4
1Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
Frontiers in health services
|February 5, 2024
概括
像Pro Kind这样的早期儿童干预可以在考虑干预特征,内部设置和外部设置时长期取得成功. 有效的网络和计划适应性是达到弱势家庭和确保可持续性的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会工作 社会工作 社会工作
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 儿童早期干预措施对弱势家庭的儿童发展产生了持久的积极影响.
- 这些干预措施的长期实施因素仍未得到充分研究.
- 从美国护士家庭伙伴关系中改编的Pro Kind家庭访问计划自2006年以来在德国进行了研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响Pro Kind幼儿干预计划长期实施的内部和背景因素.
- 探索程序特征和环境相互作用如何影响持续实施.
- 确定在德国成功,长期的实践层面应用幼儿干预的关键要素.
主要方法:
- 在德国两个城市,与25名项目实施者和关键利益相关者进行了定性访谈.
- 数据收集发生在2021年3月至9月期间.
- 实施研究综合框架 (CFIR) 指导了面试数据的专题分析.
主要成果:
- 干预特点:有效性和相对优势的证据支持实施,但有限的适应能力阻碍了接触目标群体.
- 内部设置:实施气候,领导层参与和计划规模影响了网络和可见性.
- 外部环境:与外部利益相关者建立强大的网络对于项目成功至关重要.
结论:
- 一些因素显著影响了早期儿童干预措施在实践层面的长期实施和可持续性.
- 调查结果强调了考虑干预特征,内部组织环境和外部环境网络的重要性.
- 这项研究为为弱势家庭设计可扩展和可持续的幼儿干预提供了洞察力,特别是在德国的背景下.
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