步行者的动态反应和高速车辆碰撞中受伤的风险
Jin Nie1, Xiaojiang Lv2, Xing Huang3
1Loudi Vocational and Technical College, Loudi, China.
Acta of bioengineering and biomechanics
|February 5, 2024
概括
高速车辆撞车显著增加行人受伤的风险. 在70公里/小时,头部和胸部的伤害更严重,大脑应变与旋转速度和加速有关.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 交通安全 交通安全
- 伤害预防 预防伤害
背景情况:
- 车辆与行人 (V2P) 的碰撞对公众健康构成重大风险.
- 了解行人动力学和受伤机制对于制定有效的安全措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析行人动力学,生物力学反应,以及高速车辆碰撞中的受伤风险.
- 为了比较不同撞击速度 (40公里/小时 vs 70公里/小时) 和车型 (车 vs SUV) 的受伤结果.
主要方法:
- 车辆的有限元素 (FE) 模型 (车,SUV) 和行人被用于碰撞模拟.
- 在撞击速度为40公里/小时和70公里/小时时进行了模拟.
- 分析和比较了行人动力学,头部/胸部反应和受伤风险.
主要成果:
- 在每小时70公里时,行人头部与车辆的接触速度增加了20-30%.
- 峰值头角速度超过100rad/s,大脑应变显示接触后的第二个峰值更高.
- AIS4+头部伤害风险超过50%;胸部伤害风险 (AIS3+) 超过70%,SUV撞击的AIS4+风险更高.
结论:
- 较高的撞击速度 (每小时70公里) 会增加行人头部和胸部受伤的风险 (AIS3+/AIS4+).
- 头部角速度和大脑应变与撞击速度和旋转力密切相关.
- 步行者胸部受伤风险对撞击速度比头部受伤风险更敏感.
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