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压力诱导裂纹介导的大小依赖的电化学性能在 Zn₂SnO₄ 电极中

Tianlong Huang¹, Yuxuan Hou¹, He Zheng¹

¹School of Physics and Technology, Center for Electron Microscopy, MOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-structures, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.

|February 5, 2024

概括

较小的锡氧化物纳米线 (NW) 显示出更好的离子电池性能. 在~80nm的临界直径以下,NWs在化过程中抵抗裂纹,改善循环稳定性和电池设计.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
电化学电化学电化学
纳米技术纳米技术

背景情况:

开发高性能离子电池需要了解微观结构和宏观电化学特性之间的联系.
电极材料结构和电池性能之间的关系,特别是关于尺寸效应的关系,尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

研究氧化 (ZTO) 纳米线 (NW) 的直径与它们在离子电池中的电化学性能之间的相关性.
阐明影响ZTO NWs稳定性和性能的潜在机制,特别是破裂行为.

主要方法:

使用*in situ*传输电子显微镜 (TEM) 来观察化过程中单个ZTO NWs的结构演变.
使用有限元建模和登图像推动弹性带方法进行了理论计算.
合成的ZTO纳米线具有不同的直径.

主要成果:

与较大的NW (几十到几百纳米) 相比,直径较小的ZTONW (d < 5纳米) 的容量衰退显著较慢,循环稳定性更强.
确定了大约80纳米的临界直径;小于这个大小的NW在第一个化过程中抵抗了裂,而较大的NW显示了裂核和传播.
理论计算准确地预测了尺寸依赖的裂变行为,将其归因于轴向应力演变和优先的离子迁移.

结论:

在离子电池中,ZTO NWs的直径极大地影响了它们的机械稳定性和电化学性能.
控制NW直径,特别是保持在关键值以下,对于防止化引起的裂纹和改善电池寿命至关重要.
这项研究提供了对大小依赖的故障机制的基本见解,为设计先进电池电极材料提供了指导.

关键词:

在 Zn2SnO4 纳米线上.轴向应力是指轴向应力.破裂破裂破裂破裂破裂水晶平面水晶平面在现场的TEM.离子电池是一种离子电池.尺寸依赖性尺寸依赖性

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