trofhic niche 驱动了特立尼达群岛古皮的形状的演变
David G Matthews1,2, David N Reznick3, Terry R Dial4
1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States.
Evolution; international journal of organic evolution
|February 5, 2024
概括
适应盆地养的鱼类表现出可重复的头骨面部变化. 遗传和塑料效应都驱动了鱼种群中的这些进化适应.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 比较形态学的比较形态学
- 生态形态学 生态形态学
背景情况:
- 在鱼类中,本土养通常会导致合的面适应,包括的头部形状和压缩的头骨.
- 了解遗传和塑性影响对这些适应的相互作用至关重要,特别是在快速多样化的血统中.
研究的目的:
- 调查面进化的可重复性,以对特立尼达皮 (Poecilia reticulata) 的谷底养做出反应.
- 量化遗传和环境 (塑料) 影响对面形态的相对贡献.
- 评估遗传和塑料效应在塑造适应差异中的对齐.
主要方法:
- 来自两个河流系统的四个种群的野生捕获和普通花园实验室养的比.
- 微计算机断层扫描 (micro-CT) 用于高分辨率的3D形态数据采集.
- 3D几何形态测量 (地标和半地标分析) 以量化大小纠正的面形状.
主要成果:
- 在高掠食性逆转动物和低掠食性盆地破坏动物群体之间观察到面形状的显著和可重复的分歧.
- 盆地破坏动物表现出头部倾斜度增加和面压缩,与适应性热量分歧一致.
- 底式破坏动物的环境可塑性导致了与遗传适应并行的夸张的头骨面部变化.
结论:
- 对谷底养的反应是可测量的,可重复的,并受到古皮的遗传和塑料因素的影响.
- 塑性可以放大或并行遗传进化轨迹,为适应性表型做出重大贡献.
- 观测到的底 - 临床面进化的模式显示了各种远距离鱼群之间的融合.
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