通过随机对照试验比较可用的COVID-19疫苗的有效性和不良事件:更新的系统审查和网络元分析
Shima Hossaini1, Fariba Keramat2, Zahra Cheraghi1,3
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
这个网络元分析比较了COVID-19疫苗. mRNA-1273和BNT-162b2在预防症状性COVID-19方面显示出最高的疗效,其次是Gam-COVID-Vac.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19的流行,需要快速开发和部署疫苗.
- 评估不同疫苗的比较疗效和安全性对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
- 这项研究提供了更新的网络元分析,以对可用的COVID-19疫苗进行排名.
研究的目的:
- 进行更新的网络元分析 (NMA),比较所有可用的COVID-19疫苗.
- 根据疫苗在预防症状性COVID-19的有效性来对疫苗进行排名.
- 为了同时评估疫苗并发症.
主要方法:
- 从主要数据库 (Web of Science,PubMed,Scopus) 获取到2023年9月的34项随机对照试验 (RCT) 的系统审查和NMA.
- 基于频率的方法使用随机效应模型来计算症状性COVID-19的相对风险 (RR).
- 疫苗排名使用P分数来评估整体性能.
主要成果:
- mRNA-1273显示出对症状性COVID-19的最高疗效 (RR=0.07;95%CI:0.03,0.17) 并且具有最高的P评分 (0.93).
- 排名第二的是BNT-162b2 (RR=0.08;95%CI:0.04,0.15;P-score=0.93),其次是Gam-COVID-Vac (RR=0.09;95%CI:0.03,0.25;P-score=0.88).在第二位的是BNT-162b2 (RR=0.08;95%CI:0.08;95%CI:0.04,0.15;P-score=0.93),其次是Gam-COVID-Vac (RR=0.09;95%CI:0.03,0.25;P-score=0.88).
- 所有分析的疫苗都在预防COVID-19方面表现出有效性.
结论:
- 根据有效性,mRNA-1273,BNT-162b2和Gam-COVID-Vac是预防COVID-19的排名第一的疫苗.
- 这些发现支持有关疫苗选择和公共卫生政策的知情决策.
- 持续监测和对疫苗性能进行比较分析仍然很重要.
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