环境温度对呼吸道疾病的影响:首尔的一个案例交叉研究
Hyewon Lee1,2, Hee-Young Yoon3
1Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Republic of Korea.
Respiratory research
|February 5, 2024
概括
极端温度显著增加了对呼吸系统疾病的急诊室的访问. 寒冷的天气对大多数呼吸道疾病和所有年龄组都有更高的风险,而热量会加剧上呼吸道感染和流感.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 呼吸道疾病是全球主要的健康问题,受到环境温度的重大影响.
- 这项研究研究了韩国首尔呼吸系统疾病的温度和急诊室 (ED) 访问之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究环境温度和ED访问各种呼吸道疾病之间的关联.
- 量化与极端寒冷和极热温度相关的呼吸器ED访问的风险.
主要方法:
- 从2008年至2017年,对1,616,644次呼吸系统疾病 (韩国疾病标准分类第七次修订代码J00-J99) 的ED访问进行了分析.
- 使用了时间分层的案例交叉设计和分布式滞后非线性模型.
- 与最低风险温度 (MinRT) 相比,冷和热极端的最大风险温度 (MaxRT) 的计算相对风险 (RR).
主要成果:
- 低温 (MaxRT: -9.0°C) 增加了呼吸器ED总访问2.68倍 (RR=2.68),而高温 (MaxRT: 29.4°C) 增加了访问1.26倍 (RR=1.26) 与MinRT (24.8°C) 相比.
- 感冒增加了大多数呼吸道疾病 (除了间歇性肺病) 和所有年龄组的风险,特别是18-64岁的人 (RR=3.54).
- 炎热的温度增加了急性上呼吸道感染和流感的ED访问,显著影响了18岁以下的人 (RR=1.45).
结论:
- 暴露于寒冷和热量都会对呼吸系统疾病的ED访问产生重大影响.
- 受影响的强度和特定呼吸系统状况在极端冷和极端热之间有所不同.
- 不同的人口年龄组对与温度相关的呼吸风险具有明显的脆弱性.
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