自动识别前列腺癌患者临床笔记中的财务压力信息
1Biomedical Informatics Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States.
概括
财务压力在癌症患者中很常见,但往往是未经记录的. 自然语言处理 (NLP) 可以准确地从临床笔记中识别财务压力,改善患者的护理和支持.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 健康的社会决定因素
背景情况:
- 财务压力是影响癌症患者的重要社会决定因素,原因是治疗成本高昂.
- 美国国家医学院建议讨论成本问题,以改善共享决策和确定财政援助.
- 财务压力在临床实践和研究中没有得到充分记录,这阻碍了患者的支持.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估一种自然语言处理 (NLP) 方法,用于识别前列腺癌患者临床叙述中的财务压力.
- 评估使用NLP从电子健康记录 (EHR) 中提取财务压力数据的可行性.
主要方法:
- 开发并代改进了一个NLP算法和金融压力词典,使用了3,138名前列腺癌患者的训练数据集.
- 利用了1,057名患者的单独测试数据集来评估NLP算法的性能,包括否定检测.
- 聘请领域专家进行NLP识别病例的手动审查,以验证准确性.
主要成果:
- 该NLP算法在6.0%的培训样本和6.2%的测试样本中发现了财务压力.
- 性能指标包括0.86的精度,1.0的召回率和0.92的F-score,当被领域专家验证时.
- 发现的关键词包括"财务担忧"",负担不起"和"保险问题".
结论:
- 财务压力在电子健康记录中很少被记录,无论是结构化数据还是临床叙述.
- 在从可用的临床笔记中提取财务压力信息时,NLP表现出高准确度.
- 这项技术可以帮助发现和解决癌症患者的财务压力,促进更好的支持和护理.
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