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相关概念视频

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

210
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

805
A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
805
NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction01:14

NMR Spectrometers: Resolution and Error Correction

698
When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
698
Sampling Continuous Time Signal01:11

Sampling Continuous Time Signal

251
In signal processing, a continuous-time signal can be sampled using an impulse-train sampling technique, followed by the zero-order hold method. Impulse-train sampling involves the use of a periodic impulse train, which consists of a series of delta functions spaced at regular intervals determined by the sampling period. When a continuous-time signal is multiplied by this impulse train, it generates impulses with amplitudes corresponding to the signal's values at the sampling points.
In the...
251
Bandpass Sampling01:17

Bandpass Sampling

181
In signal processing, bandpass sampling is an effective technique for sampling signals that have most of their energy concentrated within a narrow frequency band. This type of signal is known as a bandpass signal. The key principle of bandpass sampling involves sampling the signal at a rate that is greater than twice the signal's bandwidth to prevent aliasing.
A bandpass signal has a spectrum with a lower frequency limit, denoted as ω1, and an upper frequency limit, denoted as ω2....
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相关实验视频

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High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of DNA Three-Point-Star Motif Self Assembly Using Photothermal Off-Resonance Tapping
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在非共振AFM模式下通过脉冲列车采样增强反性能.

Mustafa Kangül1, Navid Asmari1, Santiago H Andany1

  • 1Laboratory for Bio- and Nano-Instrumentation, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland.

Beilstein journal of nanotechnology
|February 6, 2024
PubMed
概括

非共振触摸 (ORT) 原子力显微镜 (AFM) 提供高分辨率成像,但由于缓慢的扫描速度而受到限制. 一种新的ORT控制方法改善了地形跟踪,使得成像速度更快,并增强了机械性能映射.

关键词:
原子力显微镜 (AFM) 的使用反控制反的控制方法场外共振点击 (ORT) 是一种响应方式.脉冲力模式是脉冲力模式.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 纳米技术纳米技术
  • 表面科学是一门学科.

背景情况:

  • 动态原子力显微镜 (AFM) 模式,特别是非共振点击 (ORT) 模式,在各种材料中提供高分辨率成像.
  • ORT模式在精确的垂直力控制和降低横向力方面表现出色,可以同时绘制机械性能映射.
  • 传统ORT模式的一个显著限制是它们的低扫描速度,这取决于悬臂的点击速度.

研究的目的:

  • 分析传统ORT控制方法对地形跟踪质量和成像速度的局限性.
  • 引入和验证一个替代的ORT控制策略,以提高AFM成像性能.
  • 改进基于ORT的AFM的速度和机械性能映射能力.

主要方法:

  • 分析闭环控制器对传统ORT采样率和延迟的影响.
  • 开发一种使用特定时间窗口进行垂直力采样的替代ORT控制方法.
  • 实现一个反循环,在交互窗口内包含多个力样本.

主要成果:

  • 确定了传统ORT控制方法对采样率和闭环延迟的局限性.
  • 拟议的替代ORT控制方法证明了在给定的点击速度下改善了地形跟踪.
  • 这种新方法可以实现更高的扫描速率,并完善机械性能映射的准确性.

结论:

  • 传统的ORT控制方法本质上限制了成像速度,原因是采样率的限制和控制循环的延迟.
  • 新的ORT控制策略有效地克服了这些局限性,通过在一个时间窗口中采样力变化.
  • 这一进步促进了更快,高分辨率的AFM成像和更精确的机械性质表征.