与年龄相关的福尼克斯下降预测了基于保守的应对策略的感知决策减缓
Lauren Revie1, Claudia Metzler-Baddeley1
1Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, United Kingdom.
Aging brain
|February 6, 2024
概括
由于较为保守的策略,老年人缓慢反应,与与年龄相关的白质完整性下降有关,特别是,影响决策.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 衰老与认知能力减缓有关,但根本的神经机制尚未完全理解.
- 老年人反应减缓是一个常见的观察,影响各种认知任务.
研究的目的:
- 调查驱动年龄相关反应减缓的认知和神经机制.
- 确定老龄化过程中决策过程的神经生物学预测因素.
主要方法:
- 扩散漂移模型 (DDM) 对老年和年轻成年人的侧面任务中响应时间 (RT) 的分析.
- 扩散权重磁共振成像 (dMRI) 和光谱 (MRS) 用于评估白质微观结构和大脑代谢物度.
- 回归分析将神经成像数据与DDM参数和RT联系起来.
主要成果:
- 年长的成年人表现出较慢的RT,增加边界分离,以及更长的非决策时间,表明更保守的应对策略.
- 衰老与白质完整性降低 (较低分数异质) 和特定大脑区域的代谢物水平 (NAA,Glx) 降低有关.
- 白物质微观结构,特别是的分数异构性,显著预测了DDM参数,并介导了RT的与年龄相关的影响.
结论:
- 老龄化反应放缓主要是由于转向更保守的决策策略.
- 福尼克斯微结构的与年龄相关的衰退可能会损害海马和决策区域之间的通信,这有助于这种保守的策略.
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