相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 4, 2025

07:30
Assessing Insulin Clearance in Mice via In Situ Liver Perfusion
Published on: December 13, 2024
298
潜在的鉴定2型糖尿病与胰岛素清除升高的2型糖尿病
Seigo Sugiyama1,2, Hideaki Jinnouchi1,2,3, Kunio Hieshima1,4
1Diabetes Care Center, Jinnouchi Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.
NEJM evidence
|February 6, 2024
概括
这项研究确定了一组2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者,其胰岛素清除率 (IC) 较高,其特点是血液中的胰岛素水平较低,且不肥胖. 这一发现可能会导致新的T2DM治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 代谢障碍 代谢障碍 代谢障碍
- 糖尿病研究 糖尿病研究
背景情况:
- 糖尿病中葡萄糖代谢受损可能源于胰岛素分泌量减少和胰岛素清除量增加 (IC).
- 一份先前的报告详细介绍了一名2型糖尿病 (T2DM) 患者,其胰岛素水平低,IC高.
- 这项研究调查了T2DM患者的潜在亚组,这些患者表现出升高的IC.
研究的目的:
- 为了识别和表征T2DM患者的胰岛素清除 (IC) 升高.
- 确定与新诊断的,未经治疗的T2DM中升高IC相关的临床特征.
主要方法:
- 招募了101名以前没有接受过治疗的T2DM患者.
- 使用高胰岛素血糖-高血糖粘合剂测量胰岛素代谢清除率 (MCRI).
- 定义升高的IC为MCRI>700毫升/分钟/平方米以确定患者子组.
主要成果:
- 44名患者 (43.6%) 符合CI升高的标准 (MCRI中位数为842毫升/分钟/米2).
- 患有升高IC的患者没有肥胖 (平均BMI为22.9 kg/m2),并且与没有 (平均BMI为27.3 kg/m2,胰岛素为9.6 mU/l) 的患者相比,他们的空腹胰岛素水平较低 (4.2 mU/l).
- 两组之间没有观察到或肝功能的显著差异.
结论:
- 存在一个独特的T2DM患者群体,胰岛素清除率 (IC) 升高.
- 这些患者通常不肥胖,并表现出血中的胰岛素度降低.
- 这种新的T2DM表型可能需要量身定制的治疗方法.
相关概念视频
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications
544
For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
544
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
2.4K
Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
2.4K
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
2.6K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
2.6K
Carbohydrate Metabolism
11.1K
Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
11.1K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes
940
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
940
Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects
174
Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
174

