金色葡萄球菌通过引起干燥皮肤的RIPK3 / MLKL介导的亡,加剧皮肤IL-33 / ILC2轴激活
Chia-Hui Luo1,2, Alan Chuan-Ying Lai1, Chun-Chou Tsai1
1Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
JCI insight
|February 6, 2024
概括
黄金葡萄球菌感染通过触发皮肤细胞死亡,使皮肤干燥变得更糟,导致IL-33的释放增加,并通过2组先天性淋巴细胞引起炎症.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 无氧性皮肤炎 (AD) 涉及皮肤干燥和湿疹,增加黄金葡萄球菌感染的风险.
- 2组先天性淋巴细胞 (ILC2s) 驱动AD的2型炎症,通常由IL-33激活.
- 皮肤脱脂对阿尔茨海默病中的IL-33和ILC2s的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查黄金葡萄球菌感染如何影响AD中的皮肤脱脂,上皮细胞因子和皮肤ILC2s.
- 阐明S. aureus感染与皮肤干燥恶化和2型炎症相关的机制.
主要方法:
- 在体内研究使用小鼠模型 (Il33fl/fl K14cre, Tlr2-/-) 和黄金菌感染.
- 在体外实验中,用质细胞治疗了亡抑制剂.
- 对IL-33释放,ILC2积累和亡标记物的分析 (MLKL,RIPK3).
主要成果:
- 黄金菌感染加剧了脱脂诱导的IL-33释放和ILC2积累,恶化皮肤炎症.
- 具有特定基因淘汰的小鼠 (Il33fl/fl K14cre, Tlr2-/-) 显示皮肤炎症减少.
- 死亡抑制剂减少了S. aureus感染的角质细胞中IL-33的释放,与MLKL和RIPK3激活有关.
结论:
- 黄金色杆菌感染引发了角质细胞亡,这是驱动IL-33释放的关键机制.
- 这种IL-33介导的2型炎症加剧了亚托邦性皮肤炎的干燥皮肤病原性.
- 向亡可能为S. aureus相关的AD提供治疗策略.
相关概念视频
T Cell Types and Functions
1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K
Skin Diseases and Disorders
3.9K
Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
3.9K
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway
8.9K
Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...
8.9K
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells
2.7K
Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own...
2.7K
Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells
2.5K
The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
2.5K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K


