作为离子电池的阴极的米诺替代子
Tyler W Hiltermann1, Subhajit Sarkar1, Venkataraman Thangadurai1
1Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
ACS applied materials & interfaces
|February 6, 2024
概括
研究人员使用绿色合成开发了可持续的有机阴极材料 (OCM) 用于离子电池. 素衍生的OCM表现出良好的稳定性,但石墨烯,而不是超级P碳,对性能至关重要.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 电化学 电化学 电化学
- 可持续化学 可持续化学
背景情况:
- 传统的离子电池依赖于基于金属的电极,这与环境和成本有关.
- 有机阴极材料 (OCM) 提供了一个可持续的替代品,但往往具有较差的溶解性和反应性.
- 开发高效和稳定的OCM对于下一代能源存储至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用绿色合成方法合成和描述基于子的新型OCMs.
- 为了评估这些OCM在离子电池配置中的电化学性能.
- 确定影响OCM性能的关键因素,例如导电添加剂.
主要方法:
- 五种金衍生物的绿色合成.
- 使用硬币电池电池测试进行电化学表征.
- 导电添加剂的研究,比较超P碳和石墨烯纳米板块.
- 分析特定容量,循环稳定性和库伦比效率.
主要成果:
- 在乙醇或水中以简单的一步方法合成了五种金衍生物.
- 观察到的特定容量低于理论值,这表明氧化还原效率存在挑战.
- 一种瓦尼林衍生的OCM在95个循环中表现出58%的容量保留,库伦比效率为90%.
- 发现石墨烯纳米板块对于电池性能至关重要,而超P碳没有影响.
结论:
- 通过使用绿色化学原理,建立了OCMs的可持续合成途径.
- 昆衍生物作为OCM具有前途,具有特定的结构修饰 (例如,素起源) 增强稳定性.
- 导电矩阵的选择对OCM性能至关重要,强调了石墨烯纳米板块的重要性.
- 需要进一步优化,以提高氧化还原活性,并实现实际应用的理论能力.
相关概念视频
01:17Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones
3.0K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
3.0K
01:19Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H
2.8K
Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
2.8K
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
23.6K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
23.6K
01:20Diazonium Group Substitution with Halogens and Cyanide: Sandmeyer and Schiemann Reactions
1.9K
Arenediazonium substitution reactions occur when the diazonium group is substituted by various functional groups such as halides, hydroxyl, nitrile, etc. For instance, arenediazonium salts react with copper(I) salts of chloride, bromide, or cyanide to form corresponding aryl chlorides, bromides, and nitriles. These reactions are named Sandmeyer reactions. Although the mechanism of this reaction is complicated, as illustrated in Figure 1, they are believed to progress via an aryl copper...
1.9K
03:12Batteries and Fuel Cells
27.4K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
27.4K
02:51Metal-Ligand Bonds
20.8K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
20.8K