人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗意图和吸收在美国西班牙裔父母中的预测因素:一个横截面研究
Madeline Fernandez-Pineda1, Carlos R Melendez1, Melanie Fernandez2
1Department of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
概括
佛罗里达州南部的西班牙裔父母对人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗的意图很高,尽管接种率和意识很低. 积极的态度和自我有效性为未来的HPV疫苗接种工作提供了潜力.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 健康行为理论健康行为理论
背景情况:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗接种对于预防HPV相关癌症至关重要.
- 了解影响西班牙裔社区HPV疫苗接种的因素对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 计划行为理论为评估行为意图和行为行为提供了一个框架.
研究的目的:
- 检查计划行为理论对HPV疫苗的意图和吸收的影响.
- 评估南佛罗里达州西班牙裔父母对HPV疫苗的认识,态度,知识和自我效能.
- 确定HPV疫苗接种决策过程中的关键影响者.
主要方法:
- 对西班牙裔父母对9-21岁儿童进行的39项调查进行了描述性探索性分析.
- 调查包括人口统计数据,HPV疫苗接种率,意图,态度,主观规范,知识,自我有效性和意识.
- 统计分析以确定构造和疫苗结果之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 对HPV疫苗的高度积极态度 (95%) 和自我有效性 (85%),有很高的意图 (82%) 在一年内接种.
- 人们对HPV疫苗的认识 (54%) 和接种率 (45%) 很低,知识也很低 (40%).
- 在HPV疫苗的意图和态度之间,以及在接种和意识之间发现了显著的积极关联. 医生和护士是关键影响者.
结论:
- 尽管有积极的态度和意图,但对HPV疫苗的认识和接受程度低,这凸显了在西班牙裔社区需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 建议利用医疗保健提供者 (医生,护士) 来改善疫苗沟通和接种.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决障碍,提高HPV疫苗的认识和知识.
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