伪装是自闭症特有的吗? 自闭症和ADHD成年人之间的伪装的比较
W J van der Putten1,2, A J J Mol1, A P Groenman2
1Leo Kannerhuis, Autism Outpatient Clinic (Youz/Parnassia Group), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的成年人伪装,类似于自闭症成年人,但程度较小. 这表明伪装不仅仅是自闭症,而且可能会影响ADHD诊断和心理健康.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 伪装,或掩盖自闭症特征,与延迟自闭症诊断和心理健康问题有关.
- 目前尚不清楚伪装是否仅限于自闭症患者,还是也被其他神经发育疾病患者使用.
研究的目的:
- 调查注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 的成年人是否表现出伪装行为.
- 为了比较ADHD,自闭症和神经类型比较组的成年人之间的伪装水平.
主要方法:
- 一项预先注册的研究,涉及30-90岁的成年人.
- 参与者完成了荷兰伪装自闭症特征问卷 (CAT-Q-NL),ADHD自我报告 (ADHD-SR) 和自闭症谱系系数 (AQ).
- 分析包括年龄和性别匹配子样本之间的比较 (N=105每组) 和诊断成年人的特征预测因子 (N=477) 的探索.
主要成果:
- 患有ADHD的成年人比对照组显示出更高的整体伪装和同化得分.
- 然而,与自闭症成年人相比,ADHD的成年人在总伪装和特定子尺度上得分较低.
- 自闭症特征,而不是ADHD特征,显著预测了伪装,无论诊断如何.
结论:
- 伪装并不仅限于自闭症成年人,因为ADHD的成年人也会从事这种行为.
- 这些发现凸显出需要更广泛的伪装措施,超越自闭症特征,以便在各种条件中进行准确的比较.
- 需要进一步研究ADHD伪装及其对诊断和心理健康的影响.
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