工业和织废物贸易:多层网络和环境政策影响
Jessie P H Poon1, Peng Peng2, John D Atkinson3
1Department of Geography, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Buffalo, NY 14261, USA.
Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
|February 7, 2024
概括
污染避风港假设 (PHH) 对全球废物贸易没有充分支持. 虽然存在一些关于废渣/渣和织品 (SDT) 废物的证据,但废物流是复杂的,涉及北北和南南贸易.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 经济学 经济学 经济学
- 国际贸易 国际贸易 国际贸易
背景情况:
- 全球废物管理是复杂的,涉及可回收材料的国际贸易.
- 污染避风港假设 (PHH) 假设由于监管差异,废物流从高收入国家流向低收入国家.
- 了解这些流动对于有效的环境政策和可持续实践至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估污染避风港假设 (PHH) 对于废渣/和织品 (SDT) 废物流的有效性.
- 用综合网络和重力模型分析全球废物贸易动态.
- 为了识别超出传统的南北垃圾流动的模式.
主要方法:
- 利用了多层网络分析和重力模型的新整合.
- 多层网络模型量化了跨多个废物贸易网络的网络效应和层间连接.
- 使用重力模型来评估环境政策对废物出口和进口的影响.
主要成果:
- 废物贸易网络表现出多样化的模式,包括北北,南南和南北流动,挑战了简单的南北PHH.
- 发现严格的废物管理政策减少了废物出口和进口.
- 对于渣/泥废弃物,PHH没有得到支持,高收入国家作为进口国,这与假设相矛盾.
结论:
- 污染避风港假说 (PHH) 并不能普遍适用于所有废物流,特别是废渣/废渣.
- 复杂的废物贸易网络表明,环境政策显著影响全球废物流.
- 虽然PHH在特定的SDT废物中心和避风港结构中更为明显,但整体废物流动具有多方面的特点.
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