故障和修复:有或没有自闭症大兄弟姐妹的婴儿的沟通启动和有效性
Samantha Plate1, Jana M Iverson2
1University of Pittsburgh, USA.
Infant behavior & development
|February 7, 2024
概括
患有自闭症可能性较高的婴儿 (EL) 与典型的婴儿 (TL) 相似地沟通和修复故障. 然而,EL婴儿使用不同的策略,表现出行为调节竞标的优势,这可以为干预提供信息.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 婴儿通信 婴儿通信
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
背景情况:
- 婴儿沟通需求,但沟通中断和修复是常见的.
- 神经典型的婴儿在两年内发展出沟通修复技能.
- 有限的研究存在于社交沟通困难的婴儿的沟通中断,例如那些自闭症的可能性较高的婴儿.
研究的目的:
- 探索婴儿早期社会沟通的启动,故障和修复策略.
- 为了比较患有自闭症和其他发育迟缓的高概率 (EL) 婴儿与典型概率 (TL) 婴儿的这些沟通模式.
- 确定婴儿使用的特定修复策略,包括那些后来被诊断为自闭症的婴儿 (EL-AUT).
主要方法:
- 对18个月大的婴儿的自然视频录像进行分析.
- 包括患有自闭症/发育迟缓高概率 (EL) 的婴儿 (N=64) 和典型概率 (TL) 的婴儿 (N=15).
- 组之间的启动率,故障发生率和维修策略类型的比较.
主要成果:
- 与TL婴儿相比,EL婴儿和EL-AUT婴儿的启动,故障和修复率与TL婴儿相似.
- 在使用的修复策略类型中观察到差异;EL婴儿在行为调节竞标中表现出强度.
- 在EL-AUT中,婴儿使用了适合发育的修复方法 (添加,替换),但他们的修复方法较小,并且使用了更多的简化修复方法.
结论:
- 患有自闭症的可能性较高的婴儿使用的沟通和修复策略的频率与典型婴儿相比较.
- 识别特定的沟通模式和利用优势,如行为调节竞标,在EL婴儿可以增强社交沟通干预.
- 了解EL婴儿修复策略的细微差别对于开发有针对性的支持和改善护理人员互动至关重要.
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