在前苏联国家中结核病死亡率的比较分析
L Yeraliyeva1, A Issayeva2, M Adenov3
11National Academy of Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Georgian medical news
|February 7, 2024
概括
哈萨克斯坦和爱沙尼亚的结核病死亡率显著下降. 然而,包括乌克兰在内的其他前苏联共和国的医疗保健费用增加令人担忧,突出了医疗保健系统融资和经济影响方面的差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 死亡率在全球范围内有显著下降,哈萨克斯坦在1990年至2019年期间从每10万人口中的11.89例死亡人数显著减少到4.18例.
- 这项研究调查了15个前苏联共和国的结核病死亡率趋势,以了解公共卫生结果和经济表现的变化.
- 研究了医疗保健支出差异及其与结核病死亡率的相关性,将前苏联共和国与经合组织国家进行比较.
研究的目的:
- 确定和比较29年来15个前苏联共和国结核死亡率的变化.
- 分析经济指标 (人均GDP) 与结核病死亡率降低之间的关系.
- 评估前苏联共和国目前的人均公共卫生支出与国际基准相比.
主要方法:
- 利用全球疾病负担 (GBD) 数据库的数据进行分析.
- 计算了1990年至2019年15个前苏联共和国每10万人结核死亡率的百分比变化.
- 人均医疗保健支出与人均国内生产总值 (GDP) 排名进行比较.
主要成果:
- 哈萨克斯坦的结核病死亡率降低幅度最高 (-3.61%),其次是爱沙尼亚 (-3.25%),阿塞拜疆 (-2.39%),拉脱维亚 (-2.16%),格鲁吉亚 (-1.98%).
- 尽管国内生产总值高,但俄罗斯和乌克兰在结核病死亡率降低方面并没有领先;俄罗斯排名第10位 (-0.81%),而乌克兰显示增长 (+1.62%).
- 亚美尼亚在医疗保健支出方面处于领先地位 (12.24%),但这些国家的人均公共医疗保健支出总体显著低于经合组织国家 (例如,哈萨克斯坦为341.5美元,而经合组织的平均水平为3,959美元).
结论:
- 在前苏联共和国之间,结核病死亡率的降低存在显著差异,受医疗保健融资水平的影响.
- 经济实力 (GDP) 不仅保证了减少结核病负担,强调了有针对性的健康投资的重要性.
- 增加与世卫组织建议一致的公共卫生支出 (高达GDP的5%),对于改善预期寿命和减少结核病死亡率至关重要.
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