疫情封锁对日常儿童疫苗接种的影响
Georgian medical news
|February 7, 2024
概括
伊拉克尼尼微的COVID-19大流行严重破坏了儿童常规免疫接种,导致数千名婴儿错过了接种疫苗. 虽然封锁后的覆盖率有所改善,但没有完全恢复到大流行前的水平,增加了可预防疾病的风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 免疫接种实践 免疫接种实践
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19大流行,医疗保健获得面临全球性挑战,尤其影响了儿童常规疫苗接种计划.
- 强制性婴儿免疫接种对于预防传染病和确保儿童生存至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查在伊拉克尼尼微的COVID-19大流行期间故意推迟婴儿免疫接种的频率和程度.
- 分析疫情影响高峰之前,期间和之后,在12个月以下的婴儿中接种疫苗的覆盖率.
主要方法:
- 一项追溯观察性研究分析了来自伊拉克尼尼微的疫苗接种数据.
- 数据涵盖了流行病前 (2019年),流行病 (2020年) 和随后的时期 (2021-2022年),涵盖了所有标准婴儿疫苗接种计划.
- 在2020年3月至5月的封锁期间的疫苗接种访问与2019年同期的接种访问进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在2020年3月至5月的封锁期间,接种疫苗的访问量下降了18.5%,大约有2726名儿童每天错过免疫接种.
- 所有12个月以下婴儿的计划疫苗都显示覆盖率下降,在2020年3月 (61.0%) 观察到的最低率.
- 2020年3月的特定疫苗覆盖范围包括IPV (70.25%),BCG (70.39%),五价 (70.98%),HBV (74.33%),OPV (79.3%),麻疹 (79.45%) 和MMR (87.34%).这些疫苗在2020年3月的具体疫苗覆盖范围包括IPV (70.25%),BCG (70.39%),五价 (70.98%),HBV (74.33%),OPV (79.3%),麻疹 (79.45%) 和MMR (87.34%).
结论:
- 伊拉克尼尼微的COVID-19大流行对儿童免疫率产生了相当大的负面影响.
- 尽管接种疫苗覆盖率在随后的几个月中出现了复苏,但未能达到2019年大流行前的水平.
- 疫苗接种计划的中断增加了婴儿对可预防的传染病的脆弱性,突出了改善免疫接种和服务供应的有针对性的干预措施的需要.
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