家庭食器与血液透析患者的盐摄入量之间的关联:一个横截面研究
Haruna Uchida1,2, Tomoo Hidaka3, Shota Endo3
1Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan haru-916@fmu.ac.jp.
BMJ open
|February 7, 2024
概括
在家准备饭菜显著影响血液透析患者的盐摄入量. 准备自己的饭菜的患者的盐摄入量较低,这突出了准备饭菜的人作为饮食管理的关键社会决定因素.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 饮食管理对于血液透析患者来说至关重要,以管理液体平衡和心血管健康.
- 盐的摄入量是这个人群的一个重要问题,影响血压和整体预后.
- 识别影响饮食习惯的可修改因素对于改善患者的治疗结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查在家准备饭菜的个人与接受血液透析的患者的盐摄入量之间的关联.
- 为了确定是否依赖他人准备饭菜与这个患者群体中较高的盐消耗有关.
- 探索家庭食者作为饮食盐摄入量的潜在社会决定因素的作用.
主要方法:
- 一项横截面研究与日本福岛县的181名血液透析门诊患者进行.
- 用沃森公式估计盐的摄入量,该公式是从透析前和透析后的血液参数和体重计算出来的.
- 参与者根据谁准备了他们的饭菜被分类:自我准备,依赖他人,或外出/外卖.
主要成果:
- 与那些自己准备饭菜的人相比,依赖他人准备饭菜的血液透析患者的盐摄入量明显高 (B=1.359;95% CI:0.495至2.222).
- 在那些外出吃饭或外卖吃饭的患者和那些自己准备饭的患者之间,没有观察到盐摄入量的显著差异.
- 在对潜在的混因素进行调整后,这些发现保持一致.
结论:
- 在家自制餐与血液透析患者的盐摄入量减少有关.
- 家庭饭菜准备者的身份成为影响盐消费的重要社会决定因素.
- 干预措施应考虑评估家庭食者,并向家庭成员或护理人员提供有针对性的营养指导,以支持血液透析患者减少盐的努力.
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