自然发生的T细胞突变增强了人工T细胞疗法
Julie Garcia1,2,3, Jay Daniels1,4,5,3, Yujin Lee4,5
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Nature
|February 7, 2024
概括
科学家发现了来自T细胞癌的基因融合 CARD11-PIK3R3, 增强了采用T细胞疗法的持久性和抗瘤效果. 通过利用自然发生的突变来改善癌症治疗,
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 癌症学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 采用T细胞疗法对癌症治疗具有前景,但由于T细胞的持久性和功能不佳而受到限制.
- 癌症T细胞进化突变,在具有挑战性的环境中增强其生存能力,为治疗改善提供了潜在的见解.
研究的目的:
- 系统地选T细胞瘤中的突变,以提高其治疗T细胞功能的潜力.
- 在采用T细胞疗法中识别和描述可改善T细胞持久性和抗瘤功效的特定突变.
主要方法:
- 从T细胞新生体中选了71种突变,以评估它们对T细胞信号传递,细胞因子产生和体内持续性的影响.
- 在CD4+皮肤T细胞淋巴瘤模型中确定和验证了CARD11-PIK3R3基因融合.
- 在免疫治疗耐药模型中评估了CARD11- PIK3R3表达T细胞的抗瘤功效.
主要成果:
- 鉴定出了CARD11-PIK3R3基因融合,并表明它增强了CARD11-BCL10-MALT1复合体的信号传递.
- 在抗原依赖的多种耐火性癌症模型中,CARD11- PIK3R3显著增强了治疗性T细胞的抗瘤功效.
- 表达CARD11- PIK3R3的T细胞在体内持续长达418天,没有恶性转变.
结论:
- 利用自然发生的突变,如CARD11-PIK3R3,是增强采用T细胞疗法的可行策略.
- 这种方法可以探索T细胞生物学极端,并应用进化解决方案来改善癌症治疗.
- CARD11-PIK3R3融合是改善基于T细胞的癌症免疫疗法的有希望的候选者.
相关概念视频
Tumor Immunotherapy
526
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
526
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
735
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
735
Mismatch Repair
4.8K
Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
4.8K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
68.3K
Overview
68.3K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
917
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
917
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
11.9K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
11.9K


