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相关概念视频

Language Development01:22

Language Development

366
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
366
Hearing01:31

Hearing

52.2K
When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
52.2K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

5.4K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
5.4K
Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development01:14

Piaget's Stage 1 of Cognitive Development

623
The sensorimotor stage, the initial phase of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, spans the first two years of a child's life. During this period, infants actively engage with their surroundings, building cognitive awareness through direct interaction with the world. This interaction is primarily based on sensory perception and motor actions, allowing infants to gradually understand basic physical properties and predict how objects interact within their environment.
623
The Nativist Approach01:21

The Nativist Approach

54
The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
54
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

212
The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
212

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations
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Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

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一个听觉的视角在婴儿时期的声学发展.

Monica Hegde1, Thierry Nazzi1, Laurianne Cabrera1

  • 1Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition Center (INCC-UMR 8002), Université Paris Cité-CNRS, Paris, France.

Frontiers in psychology
|February 8, 2024
PubMed
概括

6-10个月的婴儿表现出发达的语音感知,而10个月的婴儿比6个月的婴儿更容易受到对辅音的听觉线索退化的影响. 这突显了婴儿随着时间的推移处理语音的变化.

科学领域:

  • 听觉感知是一种听觉感知.
  • 语音处理 语音处理
  • 发展心理学是发展心理学.

背景情况:

  • 听觉系统通过光谱时间调制来处理语音,包括振幅变化 (AM) 和频率调制 (FM).
  • 成年人依赖缓慢的AM线索 (<8-16 Hz) 来说话,而婴儿也需要更快的AM线索 (>8-16 Hz).

研究的目的:

  • 调查典型听觉的婴儿 (6个月和10个月) 和成年人如何在受损的听觉条件下感知声学特征.
  • 为了确定6到10个月龄之间的语音感知听觉暗示权重的发育变化.

主要方法:

  • 用一种心理物理方法来测试辅音-母音音节的语音分类.
  • 听觉条件涉及降低频率调制 (FM) 线索和振幅调制 (AM) 线索的快速 (> 8 Hz) 和慢速 (< 8 Hz) 速率.

主要成果:

  • 婴儿和成年人可以用降低的FM和快速的AM线索来分类语音,但在缓慢的AM线索中,性能下降.
  • 声母分类显示了与年龄相关的差异,成年人表现优于两个婴儿组.
  • 辅音分类显示,10个月大的孩子比6个月大的孩子更容易受到时间退化的影响.

结论:

  • FM和更快的AM线索的降解显著影响了10个月大的婴儿的辅音处理.
关键词:
幅度调制的幅度调制.频率调制是一种频率调制.婴儿 婴儿 婴儿 婴儿 婴儿声学处理 声学处理语音感知调整 语音感知调整这是一个Vocoder.

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  • 在6到10个月之间,婴儿在处理语音时间线索中表现出明显的发育转变,声母与辅音相比,可能与语音发展有关.