贝叶斯阶层物件响应理论模型奇怪行为的好处-深入调查和偏差纠正
Christoph König1, Rainer W Alexandrowicz2
1Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany.
Applied psychological measurement
|February 8, 2024
概括
贝叶斯层次的项目响应理论 (IRT) 模型提供比非层次模型更精确和准确的项目参数估计. 一个新的偏差校正程序进一步提高了准确性,挑战了关于这种权衡的先前假设.
科学领域:
- 心理测量 心理测量 心理测量
- 统计建模 统计建模
- 教育测量的教育测量.
背景情况:
- 项目响应理论 (IRT) 模型在教育和心理评估中被广泛使用.
- 贝叶斯层次模型是IRT的一个流行的方法,但通常涉及对项目参数的精度-精度权衡.
- 非等级模型通常被认为更准确但不那么精确.
研究的目的:
- 调查贝叶斯阶层IRT模型中的精度-精度权衡是否可以避免,特别是对于两参数物流 (2PL) 模型.
- 为了比较分层和非分层IRT模型在偏差,根平均平方误差 (RMSE) 和精度方面的性能.
- 为项目歧视参数引入偏差校正程序.
主要方法:
- 进行了一项全面的模拟研究,以评估不同的IRT模型规格.
- 来自贝叶斯层次模型的项目参数估计与非层次模型进行了比较.
- 开发和测试了对项目歧视参数的一种偏差校正程序.
主要成果:
- 贝叶斯分层IRT模型在偏差,RMSE和精度方面表现优于非分层模型.
- 在特定条件下,项目参数偏差被发现独立于差异组件偏差.
- 拟议的偏差校正程序有效地提高了项目歧视参数估计的准确性.
结论:
- 贝叶斯阶层IRT模型可以产生对项参数的估计,这些估计比非阶层方法更精确,更准确.
- 在使用贝叶斯等级IRT模型时,典型的精度-精度权衡可能不必要.
- 这些发现对IRT在各个领域的应用具有重要的理论和实践意义.
相关概念视频
Bias
4.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
4.2K
Accuracy and Errors in Hypothesis Testing
199
Hypothesis testing is a fundamental statistical tool that begins with the assumption that the null hypothesis H0 is true. During this process, two types of errors can occur: Type I and Type II. A Type I error refers to the incorrect rejection of a true null hypothesis, while a Type II error involves the failure to reject a false null hypothesis.
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5%...
In hypothesis testing, the probability of making a Type I error, denoted as α, is commonly set at 0.05. This significance level indicates a 5%...
199
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
269
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
269
Confirmation Biases
5.5K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
5.5K
Cause and Effect
10.9K
While variables are sometimes correlated because one does cause the other, it could also be that some other factor, a confounding variable, is actually causing the systematic movement in our variables of interest. For instance, as sales in ice cream increase, so does the overall rate of crime. Is it possible that indulging in your favorite flavor of ice cream could send you on a crime spree? Or, after committing crime do you think you might decide to treat yourself to a cone?
10.9K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.6K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.6K


