在137个小麦亲属中评估和识别粉耐药基因
Jiaojiao Wang1, Hongxing Xu2, Yanmin Qie3
1Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Bioresource Conservation & Germplasm Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, China.
Frontiers in genetics
|February 8, 2024
概括
小麦的亲属提供了多样化的粉耐药性,其中84.67%显示成年阶段的耐药性. 确定了像Pm4这样的关键耐药基因,为培育抗病小麦品种提供了宝贵的资源.
科学领域:
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 粉状菌,是由 *Blumeria graminis* f. sp. 引起的 *tritici* (*Bgt*),严重影响小麦产量和质量.
- 常见小麦具有狭窄的抗药性遗传基因,因此需要对多种不同种子体进行探索.
- 小麦的亲属,特别是来自二级基因库的亲属,由于它们的遗传变异,对于引入新型耐药基因至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估137种小麦亲属的粉状菌耐药性.
- 为了确定这些加入中已知粉耐药性 (*Pm*) 基因的存在和组成.
- 提供有价值的生殖质和遗传信息,用于培育抗病小麦.
主要方法:
- 选137种小麦相对加入在苗木和成年阶段对*Bgt*分离物的选.
- 用31个标志物对23个已知的*Pm*基因进行基因定型.
- 定量逆转录PCR (q-RT PCR) 来确认基因功能.
- 遗传学分析以了解基因亲属关系.
主要成果:
- 观察到对粉状菌的高水平耐药性,在幼苗阶段有60.58%的加入在幼苗阶段耐药,在成年阶段有84.67%.
- 在测试的加入中,只有五种已知的*Pm*基因 (*Pm2*, *Pm4*, *Pm6*, *Pm58*, *Pm68*) 被检测到.
- 在四种Triticum aestivum亚种中确定了三种*Pm4*等位基因 (*Pm4a*, *Pm4b*, *Pm4f*). *spelta* 加入,q-RT PCR 证实它们在耐药性中的作用.
- 遗传学分析表明,Pm4和Pm24以及Sr62之间存在密切的亲属关系.
结论:
- 小麦的亲属为粉状菌耐药性提供了大量的遗传资源.
- 在T. aestivum*亚种中的*Pm4*基因. *spelta* 代表了小麦改良的宝贵来源.
- 这项研究增强了对小麦粉抗性的理解,并为育种计划提供了必不可少的生殖质.
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