识别分泌自作为一种调节活动诱导突触重塑的新机制
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|February 8, 2024
概括
神经元活动通过分泌性自促使突触重塑,这是一个与神经退行性和精神健康障碍相关的过程. 这项研究确定了这一新型跨突触信号通路中的关键蛋白质.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 突触可塑性,即突触随时间增强或减弱的能力,对大脑功能至关重要.
- 在突触处协调活动依赖的结构变化的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
- 与神经退行性和精神健康障碍相关的基因越来越多地与突触功能障碍有关.
研究的目的:
- 识别潜在活动依赖的突触结构重塑的分子机制.
- 调查自在突触可塑性中的作用.
- 探索影响神经退行性和精神健康障碍的基因与突触重塑之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 在 *Drosophila* 中进行了RNAi选,准了参与神经系统功能的基因.
- 分析了基因淘汰对活动诱导的突触重塑与突触发育的影响.
- 研究了自途径蛋白质 (Snap29,Sec22,Rab8) 在突触可塑性中的作用.
主要成果:
- 与神经退行性和精神健康障碍相关的突变与突触发育相比,影响活动诱导的突触重塑的可能性是两倍.
- 神经元活动激活了自,但抑制了降解途径,促进了基于自的分泌.
- 在Snap29,Sec22或Rab8的前突触敲击中,取消了活动诱导的突触重塑.
结论:
- 分泌性自作为一种新的跨突触信号机制,调节结构性可塑性.
- 这一途径对于突触结构和强度的快速,活动依赖的重塑至关重要.
- 这些发现将突触可塑性机制与涉及神经和精神健康障碍的基因联系起来.
相关概念视频
01:27Autophagy
4.2K
Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
4.2K
01:36Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome
6.5K
Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
6.5K
01:26Fusion of Secretory Vesicles with the Plasma Membrane
11.1K
Proteins and neurotransmitters in secretory vesicles can be released from a cell upon vesicle docking, priming, and fusion with the plasma membrane. Vesicles are docked and primed in preparation for the quick exocytosis of their contents in response to a stimulus. The fusion process is mainly carried out by a SNAP Receptor or SNARE complex, consisting of synaptobrevin, syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25.
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
In 1993, Jim Rothman proposed that the antiparallel pairing of vesicular and transmembrane SNAREs, or...
11.1K
01:33Overview of Secretory Vesicles
8.5K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
8.5K
01:26Chemical Synapses
8.8K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
8.8K
01:26Neurochemical Transmission: Sites of Drug Action
2.3K
Neurochemical transmission, the conduction of electrical impulses between neurons mediated by neurotransmitters, plays a vital role in various physiological processes. Autonomic drugs exert their effects by modulating neurotransmission within the autonomic nervous system. For instance, drugs such as hemicholinium block the precursor uptake necessary for synthesizing acetylcholine, an essential autonomic neurotransmitter. Following synthesis, neurotransmitters are stored in vesicles. Metyrosine...
2.3K