在生命早期的逆境之后,大脑全神经活动的重新配置
Taylor W Uselman1, Russell E Jacobs2,3, Elaine L Bearer1,3
1University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|February 8, 2024
概括
生命早期的逆境 (ELA) 改变了整个大脑的神经活动,增加了对疾病的脆弱性. 暴露于ELA的小鼠在暴露于威胁后,在大脑系统中表现出持久的功能失衡.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 系统神经科学 系统神经科学
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 生命早期的逆境 (ELA) 是已知的终身身体和精神健康障碍的风险因素.
- 以前的研究集中在局部的大脑区域,但了解大脑范围的神经活动和ELA后的区域间通信至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查ELA对大脑全神经活动模式及其对威胁反应动态的长期影响.
- 用纵向成像识别受ELA和威胁影响的特定大脑区域和电路.
主要方法:
- 用长度增强磁共振成像 (MEMRI) 来捕捉正常养和暴露于ELA的成年小鼠的大脑活动.
- 在家庭子条件下以及在自然主义威胁暴露后的短期和长期间隔内进行成像.
- 新的计算方法,包括自动细分和分数激活/差异体积,用于图像分析.
主要成果:
- 暴露于ELA导致多个大脑区域的神经活动增加,包括那些参与防御和奖励回路的区域.
- 埃拉改变了整个大脑的神经活动模式 ("大脑状态") 和它们在受到威胁后的动态.
- 在经历了急性威胁后,ELA小鼠在中脑和后脑单氨基中心,心脏部位,杏仁体,海马体和下丘脑中表现出持续的过度活跃,在中间前额叶皮层区域的活动减少.
结论:
- 在多个大脑系统中,ELA引发了广泛的功能失衡.
- 这些不平衡取决于背景,并受到累积经验的影响.
- 这些发现突出显示了大脑网络动态的变化,这是ELA诱导的脆弱性背后的一个关键机制.
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