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与未接种疫苗的成年人相比,在接种疫苗的成年人中减少了长期COVID症状和症状严重程度
Hannah E Maier1, Theresa Kowalski-Dobson1, Ashley Eckard1
1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Open forum infectious diseases
|February 8, 2024
概括
接种疫苗可以显著降低患长期COVID (新冠病毒病2019年后急性后续症) 的风险,并减少感染后的症状严重程度.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19的长期健康后果,称为长期COVID或PASC,是一个重大问题.
- 针对长期COVID的疫苗接种的保护作用仍然不完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 评估感染前接种疫苗对长期COVID的流行率和严重性的影响.
- 评估疫苗在缓解COVID-19后症状中的作用.
主要方法:
- 工作成年人的前性队列研究 (与SARS-CoV-2相关的免疫力 - IASO).
- 在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的个体之间比较SARS-CoV-2感染后的症状患病率和严重程度.
- 根据感染后90天出现症状的长期COVID的定义 (也在30天检查).
主要成果:
- 总体而言,13%的病例在90天后出现长期COVID;在未接种疫苗的病例中,患病率为27%,在接种疫苗的病例中为8% (RR 0.31).
- 疫苗接种与所有时间点的平均症状严重程度得分明显较低有关.
- 在奥米克朗前的时代,接种疫苗的病例显示出较低的长期COVID流行率 (18%vs28%) 的趋势,并报告了不那么严重的症状,包括呼吸困难.
结论:
- 感染前接种疫苗与较低的长期COVID的患病率有关.
- 接种疫苗还会导致长期COVID患者的症状严重程度降低.
- 这些发现强调了疫苗接种在缓解COVID-19的长期影响方面的重要性.
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