在被引入物种改变的类动物群体中,物种间和物种内竞争的相对影响
Valentina Zini1,2, Kristin Wäber1,3, Paul M Dolman1
1School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
Journal of mammalogy
|February 8, 2024
概括
侵袭性Reeve's Muntjac对鹿的生育能力产生了负面影响,超过了物种内竞争效应. 鹿对鹿没有影响,突出了复杂的入侵物种动态和需要有针对性的管理策略.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
背景情况:
- 来自入侵物种的物种间竞争可能会影响本地野生动物种群.
- 这种竞争对脊椎动物的人口影响很少被研究.
- 鹿 (Capreolus capreolus) 种群受到同时出现的入侵鹿物种的影响.
研究的目的:
- 测试关于鹿密度,体量和生育能力的跨物种和内物种竞争假设.
- 调查地中海鹿 (Dama dama) 和里夫山 (Muntiacus reevesi) 对本土鹿的人口影响.
- 了解混合鹿组合中的复杂竞争网络.
主要方法:
- 通过夜间距离采样校准的空间显式模型被用于估计鹿的密度.
- 分析了492只成年雌鹿的数据,这些母鹿在7年内采集了样本.
- 零碎的结构方程模型将鹿的生育率和体重与特定物种的鹿密度和耕地面积相关联.
主要成果:
- 在Reeve's Muntjac密度较高的地区,鹿的生育率下降,这表明物种间比物种内竞争更强.
- 鹿肉体质量独立于鹿的密度,但随着耕地增加而略有增加.
- 鹿的密度对鹿的密度,体重或生育能力没有显著影响.
结论:
- 侵袭性Reeve's Muntjac对鹿的生育能力构成的竞争威胁要大于物种内竞争或鹿.
- 跨种类的行为干扰或压力资源耗尽可能导致鹿生育能力下降,而不依赖于体重.
- 对入侵物种的有效管理策略对于减轻对本土野生动物的负面影响至关重要.
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